Drosophila suzukii in Michigan vineyards, and the first report of Zaprionus indianus from this region

Abstract

Drosophila suzukii is a new invasive pest that in recent years has become established in the Great Lakes region of the United States. Understanding the level of infestation in potentially susceptible crops is an important first step for planning appropriate management responses. This study was conducted in 2010–2012 to determine the infestation potential of this pest in native Vitis labrusca, French hybrid and V. vinifera grape cultivars grown in Michigan vineyards. Drosophila suzukii adults were reared out of collected grape samples in all 3 years, comprising a low proportion of all emerged drosophilids in each of the years. This trend was also found in vacuum sampling, conducted in 2011, with the majority of flies collected being non‐D. suzukii drosophilids. Another recently introduced invasive fly species, Zaprionus indianus, was also reared out of grape samples collected in 2012. While the results of this study indicate no immediate threats to commercial grape production from D. suzukii, further research is needed to elucidate possible secondary effects that this species may have on vineyards, such as the introduction of diseases to the fruit.

Susceptibility of cold hardy grapes to Drosophila suzukii (Diptera: Drosophilidae)

“…) sampled over the same period. The observed infestation rate was also slightly lower (15% of samples) than the findings of Van Timmeren and Isaacs () in Southern Michigan V. vinifera and cold hardy vineyards (27% of samples). The rate of larval infestation increased over the course of the season, which may be due to prolonged exposure of grapes to biotic factors (e.g., birds) and abiotic factors (e.g., hail, splitting due to swelling after a rain event) which increase the likelihood that fruit skin becomes damaged, thus allowing successful oviposition.…”

“…D. suzukii has been detected in vineyards growing V. vinifera varieties in the USA (Harris et al. ; Van Timmeren and Isaacs ; Ioriatti et al. ), Europe (Grassi and Pallaoro ; Rouzes et al.…”

“…However, there has been no comparable or comprehensive assessment to address the severity of infestation, varietal differences and the implications of D. suzukii for cold hardy grapes grown in the Upper Midwest, USA. Adult D. suzukii has been detected in Michigan vineyards (which include both V. vinifera and cold hardy varieties), but larval infestation levels were found to be low and constrained to southern regions of the state (Van Timmeren and Isaacs ). Adults have also been trapped in cold hardy variety vineyards of Québec, Canada, with no larvae detected in white varieties and low infestation rates in red varieties (Saguez et al.…”

Suscetibilidade de bagas de genótipos de videira pela infestação por Drosophila suzukii (Diptera: Drosophilidae)

“…Contudo, recentes relatos sobre danos em cultivares de videira (Vitis spp. ), com bagas de epiderme de cor rosada, nas regiões de Quebec, Canadá, e em Michigan, nos Estados Unidos (Saguez et al, 2013;van Timmeren & Isaacs, 2014) têm preocupado a cadeia produtiva de videiras no Sul do Brasil, onde a praga está presente (Deprá et al, 2014;Santos, 2014). Outro fator que poderá favorecer a infestação pela D. suzukii, na região Sul do Brasil, é o fato de que a videira é cultivada em pequenas propriedades onde há uma diversidade de frutos que são hospedeiros deste inseto.…”

From a non‐target to a target: identification of a fermentation volatile blend attractive to Zaprionus indianus

“…; Cha et al. ; van der Linde ; Van Timmeren and Isaacs ). A high tolerance to stress or adverse conditions such as cold may have contributed to its rapid spread in new geographical areas (Yassin et al.…”