<i><scp>M</scp>ycoplasma</i>

Brown, Daniel R.; May, Meghan; Bradbury, Janet M.; Balish, Mitchell F.; Calcutt, Michael J.; Glass, John I.; Tasker, Séverine; Messick, Joanne B.; Johansson, Karl‐Erik; Neimark, Harold

doi:10.1002/9781118960608.gbm01263.pub2

Cited by 7 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…The strain B10 derives energy from H 2 -dependent methanogenesis from methylated compounds, such as methanol, methyl-, dimethyl-, and trimethylamine (Dridi et al, 2012;Kelly et al, 2016a,b). Similar to Mycoplasma, which are cell wall deficient bacteria (Brown et al, 2018), Methanomassiliicoccales lack the archaeal S-layer cell wall and possess a bi-layer cell membrane (Dridi et al, 2012;, which in strain B10 contains unusual butane-and pentanetriol-based tetraether lipids (Becker et al, 2016).…”

Section: Methanomassiliicoccalesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolving understanding of rumen methanogen ecophysiology

Khairunisa,

Heryakusuma,

Ike

et al. 2023

Front. Microbiol.

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Production of methane by methanogenic archaea, or methanogens, in the rumen of ruminants is a thermodynamic necessity for microbial conversion of feed to volatile fatty acids, which are essential nutrients for the animals. On the other hand, methane is a greenhouse gas and its production causes energy loss for the animal. Accordingly, there are ongoing efforts toward developing effective strategies for mitigating methane emissions from ruminant livestock that require a detailed understanding of the diversity and ecophysiology of rumen methanogens. Rumen methanogens evolved from free-living autotrophic ancestors through genome streamlining involving gene loss and acquisition. The process yielded an oligotrophic lifestyle, and metabolically efficient and ecologically adapted descendants. This specialization poses serious challenges to the efforts of obtaining axenic cultures of rumen methanogens, and consequently, the information on their physiological properties remains in most part inferred from those of their non-rumen representatives. This review presents the current knowledge of rumen methanogens and their metabolic contributions to enteric methane production. It also identifies the respective critical gaps that need to be filled for aiding the efforts to mitigate methane emission from livestock operations and at the same time increasing the productivity in this critical agriculture sector.

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Section: Methanomassiliicoccalesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolving understanding of rumen methanogen ecophysiology

Khairunisa,

Heryakusuma,

Ike

et al. 2023

Front. Microbiol.

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“…This last one includes the 'M. mycoides cluster' that contains the type species of the genus despite its eccentric phylogenetic position [5]. The M. mycoides cluster evolved from insect-associated Mollicutes (Spiroplasma, Entomoplasma and Mesoplasma) to become ruminant pathogens capable of non-vectored direct transmission [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative genomics of Mycoplasma feriruminatoris, a fast-growing pathogen of wild Caprinae

Baby,

Ambroset,

Gaurivaud

et al. 2023

Microbial Genomics

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Mycoplasma feriruminatoris is a fast-growing Mycoplasma species isolated from wild Caprinae and first described in 2013. M. feriruminatoris isolates have been associated with arthritis, kerato conjunctivitis, pneumonia and septicemia, but were also recovered from apparently healthy animals. To better understand what defines this species, we performed a genomic survey on 14 strains collected from free-ranging or zoo-housed animals between 1987 and 2017, mostly in Europe. The average chromosome size of the M. feriruminatoris strains was 1,040±0,024 kbp, with 24 % G+C and 852±31 CDS. The core genome and pan-genome of the M. feriruminatoris species contained 628 and 1312 protein families, respectively. The M. feriruminatoris strains displayed a relatively closed pan-genome, with many features and putative virulence factors shared with species from the M. mycoides cluster, including the MIB-MIP Ig cleavage system, a repertoire of DUF285 surface proteins and a complete biosynthetic pathway for galactan. M. feriruminatoris genomes were found to be mostly syntenic, although repertoires of mobile genetic elements, including Mycoplasma Integrative and Conjugative Elements, insertion sequences, and a single plasmid varied. Phylogenetic- and gene content analyses confirmed that M. feriruminatoris was closer to the M. mycoides cluster than to the ruminant species M. yeatsii and M. putrefaciens . Ancestral genome reconstruction showed that the emergence of the M. feriruminatoris species was associated with the gain of 17 gene families, some of which encode defence enzymes and surface proteins, and the loss of 25 others, some of which are involved in sugar transport and metabolism. This comparative study suggests that the M. mycoides cluster could be extended to include M. feriruminatoris . We also find evidence that the specific organization and structure of the DnaA boxes around the oriC of M. feriruminatoris may contribute to drive the remarkable fast growth of this minimal bacterium.

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