ShNPSN11, a vesicle-transport-related gene, confers disease resistance in tomato to Oidium neolycopersici

Abstract

Tomato powdery mildew, caused by Oidium neolycopersici, is a fungal disease that results in severe yield loss in infected plants. Herein, we describe the function of a class of proteins, soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor attachment protein receptors (SNAREs), which play a role in vesicle transport during defense signaling. To date, there have been no reports describing the function of tomato SNAREs during resistance signaling to powdery mildew. Using a combination of classical plant pathology-, genetics-, and cell biology-based approaches, we evaluate the role of ShNPSN11 in resistance to the downy mildew pathogen O. neolycopersici. Quantitative RT-PCR analysis of tomato SNAREs revealed that ShNPSN11 mRNA accumulation in disease-resistant varieties was significantly increased following pathogen, compared with susceptible varieties, suggesting a role during induced defense signaling. Using in planta subcellular localization, we demonstrate that ShNPSN11 was primarily localized at the plasma membrane, consistent with the localization of SNARE proteins and their role in defense signaling and trafficking. Silencing of ShNPSN11 resulted in increased susceptibility to O. neolycopersici, with pathogen-induced levels of H2O2 and cell death elicitation in ShNPSN11-silenced lines showing a marked reduction. Transient expression of ShNPSN11 did not result in the induction of a hypersensitive cell death response or suppress cell death induced by BAX. Taken together, these data demonstrate that ShNPSNl11 plays an important role in defense activation and host resistance to O. neolycopersici in tomato LA1777.

Genome-Wide Identification and Expression Analysis of SNARE Genes in Brassica napus

“…SNAREs were found to participate in plant development [ 1 , 3 , 29 ], abiotic stress [ 12 , 31 ], and pathogen resistance pathways [ 21 , 25 , 30 , 39 , 40 , 41 ]. Furthermore, MeJA, SA, and ABA were proved to regulate plant resistance to S. sclerotiorum [ 42 , 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 ] .…”

“…At the whole-plant level, SNAREs are mainly activated in response to stresses such as drought/osmotic stress, high salinity, abscisic acid (ABA)-induced stress, and pathogen stimuli. For example, AtSYP121 is involved in ABA-dependent drought stress in tobacco and non-host resistance against powdery mildew as well as oomycete attack in A. thaliana [ 2 , 23 , 25 ]. As a paralog of AtSYP121, AtSYP122 is phosphorylated in response to the elicitor flagellin [ 26 ] and has redundant functions with AtSYP121 in plant immunity and general secretion events [ 27 , 28 ].…”

“…AtSYP61 plays an important role in osmotic stress tolerance and the ABA-dependent regulation of stomatal responses [ 31 ]. ShNPSNl11 plays a positive role in defense activation and host resistance to Oidium neolycopersici in tomato [ 25 ].…”

Identification and Characterization of WRKY41, a Gene Conferring Resistance to Powdery Mildew in Wild Tomato (Solanum habrochaites) LA1777

“…Plants, resistance to biotrophic pathogens, e.g., O. neolycopersici, is closely related to the H 2 O 2 accumulation and generation of HR triggered by the fungal haustoria [7]. In the study of tomato powdery mildew resistance, more HR and H 2 O 2 are found in resistant tomatoes, including wild tomato S. habrochaites G1.1560 and S. habrochaites LA1777, compared to the susceptible S. lycopersicum MM tomato cultivar [9,10,60]. If the generation of HR and H 2 O 2 is reduced, the resistance to biotrophic pathogens will be decreased [28,61].…”

Comparative Proteomic Analysis of Plasma Membrane Proteins in Rice Leaves Reveals a Vesicle Trafficking Network in Plant Immunity That Is Provoked by Blast Fungi

“…tritici ( Pst ) hypha; this behavior may play a role in vesicle-mediated resistance to stripe rust ( Wang et al, 2014 ). ShNPSN11 in tomato is located at the PM and plays an important role in defense reactions to O. neolycopersici ( Lian et al, 2020 ). In Arabidopsis, AtSYP71 belongs to the Qc-SNARE family and localizes to the PM and the ER ( Suwastika et al, 2008 ).…”