“…Abbreviations: SNCA: synuclein-alpha gene; PARK2: parkin gene; UCHL1: ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal esterase L1 gene; PINK1: PTEN-induced putative kinase 1 gene; DJ-1: oncogene DJ-1; LRRK2: leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 gene; ATP13A2: ATPase type 13A2 gene; GIGYF2: GRB10-interacting GYF protein 2 gene; HTRA2: HTRA serine peptidase 2 gene; PLA2G6: phospholipase A2 group 6 gene; FBXO7: F-BOX only protein 7 gene; AD: autosomal dominant; AR: autosomal recessive. While the three missense mutations in SNCA are very rare, multiplication of the gene appears to be a marginally more common cause of PD Johnson et al, 2004;Nuytemans et al, 2010). Duplication of SNCA is mostly associated with the familial occurrence of a classical PD phenotype but is marked by an earlier onset age compared to sporadic PD (Ibanez et al, 2004;Chartier-Harlin et al, 2004;Nishioka et al, 2006Nishioka et al, , 2009Nuytemans et al, 2009).…”