<i>Sphedgehog</i> is expressed by pigment cell precursors during early gastrulation in <i>Strongylocentrotus purpuratus</i>

Egaña, Ana L.; Ernst, Susan G.

doi:10.1002/dvdy.20125

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 26 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…3F), relative to controls at the same stage (Fig. 3E), an observation made with cyclopamine in a previous set of experiments (Egana and Ernst, 2004). The same suite of abnormalities was observed with a morpholino to Smo (Smo MASO, 0.375 mM).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 79%

Hedgehog signaling patterns mesoderm in the sea urchin

Walton

Warner

Hertzler

et al. 2009

Developmental Biology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The Hedgehog (Hh) signaling pathway is essential for patterning many structures in vertebrates including the nervous system, chordamesoderm, limb and endodermal organs. In the sea urchin, a basal deuterostome, Hh signaling is shown to participate in organizing the mesoderm. At gastrulation the Hh ligand is expressed by the endoderm downstream of the Brachyury and FoxA transcription factors in the endomesoderm gene regulatory network. The co-receptors Patched (Ptc) and Smoothened (Smo) are expressed by the neighboring skeletogenic and non-skeletogenic mesoderm. Perturbations of Hh, Ptc and Smo cause embryos to develop with skeletal defects and inappropriate non-skeletogenic mesoderm patterning, although initial specification of mesoderm occurs without detectable abnormalities. Perturbations of the pathway caused late defects in skeletogenesis and in the non-skeletogenic mesoderm, including altered numbers of pigment and blastocoelar cells, randomized left-right asymmetry of coelomic pouches, and disorganized circumesophageal muscle causing an inability to swallow. Together the data support the requirement of Hh signaling in patterning each of the mesoderm subtypes in the sea urchin embryo.

show abstract

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 79%

Hedgehog signaling patterns mesoderm in the sea urchin

Walton

Warner

Hertzler

et al. 2009

Developmental Biology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…At a later stage of pluteus larva, L. variegatus hh expression is confined to the esophagus with higher expression at the sphincters than elsewhere along the archenteron ( Figure 3E). Our in situ analysis was unable to repeat previously published patterns of Hh expression in Strongylocentrotus purpuratus and Hemicentrotus pulcherrimus (Hp) (Egana and Ernst, 2004;Hara and Katow, 2005). Egana and Ernst (2004) used what were purported to be cross-reactive antibodies to localize S. purpuratus Hh in the secondary mesenchyme cells, however the in situ pattern of expression occurs in the endoderm.…”

Section: Rna Localization Patterns Of Key Hh Pathway Componentscontrasting

confidence: 88%

“…Our in situ analysis was unable to repeat previously published patterns of Hh expression in Strongylocentrotus purpuratus and Hemicentrotus pulcherrimus (Hp) (Egana and Ernst, 2004;Hara and Katow, 2005). Egana and Ernst (2004) used what were purported to be cross-reactive antibodies to localize S. purpuratus Hh in the secondary mesenchyme cells, however the in situ pattern of expression occurs in the endoderm. The RNA localization of Hemicentrotus pulcherrimus hh to the small micromeres by Hara and Katow (2005) also was not repeated and that pattern fails to correlate either with the expression pattern for S. purpuratus hh RNA published in Egana and Ernst, 2004, nor with the QPCR pattern for L. variegatus hh RNA shown here in Figure 2A.…”

Section: Rna Localization Patterns Of Key Hh Pathway Componentscontrasting

confidence: 88%

“…Egana and Ernst (2004) used what were purported to be cross-reactive antibodies to localize S. purpuratus Hh in the secondary mesenchyme cells, however the in situ pattern of expression occurs in the endoderm. The RNA localization of Hemicentrotus pulcherrimus hh to the small micromeres by Hara and Katow (2005) also was not repeated and that pattern fails to correlate either with the expression pattern for S. purpuratus hh RNA published in Egana and Ernst, 2004, nor with the QPCR pattern for L. variegatus hh RNA shown here in Figure 2A. The localization of hh to the endoderm in L. variegatus, shown here ( Figure 3A-E) is in agreement with the QPCR data in terms of timing and is by a strong RNA in situ hybridization signal that is highly repeatable.…”

Section: Rna Localization Patterns Of Key Hh Pathway Componentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Genomics and expression profiles of the Hedgehog and Notch signaling pathways in sea urchin development

Walton

Croce

Glenn

et al. 2006

Developmental Biology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The Hedgehog (Hh) and Notch signal transduction pathways control a variety of developmental processes including cell fate choice, differentiation, proliferation, patterning and boundary formation. Because many components of these pathways are conserved, it was predicted and confirmed that pathway components are largely intact in the sea urchin genome. Spatial and temporal location of these pathways in the embryo, and their function in development offer added insight into their mechanistic contributions. Accordingly, all major components of both pathways were identified and annotated in the sea urchin Strongylocentrotus purpuratus genome and the embryonic expression of key components was explored. Relationships of the pathway components, and modifiers predicted from the annotation of S. purpuratus, were compared against cnidarians, arthropods, urochordates, and vertebrates. These analyses support the prediction that the pathways are highly conserved through metazoan evolution. Further, the location of these two pathways appears to be conserved among deuterostomes, and in the case of Notch at least, display similar capacities in endomesoderm gene regulatory networks. RNA expression profiles by quantitative PCR and RNA in situ hybridization reveal that Hedgehog is produced by the endoderm beginning just prior to invagination, and signals to the secondary mesenchyme-derived tissues at least until the pluteus larva stage. RNA in situ hybridization of Notch pathway members confirms that Notch functions sequentially in the vegetal-most secondary mesenchyme cells and later in the endoderm. Functional analyses in future studies will embed these pathways into the growing knowledge of gene regulatory networks that govern early specification and morphogenesis.

show abstract

Stem Cells in Marine Organisms

Rinkevich¹,

Matranga

2009

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

No part of this work may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, microfilming, recording or otherwise, without written permission from the Publisher, with the exception of any material supplied specifically for the purpose of being entered and executed on a computer system, for exclusive use by the purchaser of the work. Cover illustration:Front Cover: Botryllus schlosseri, a colonial tunicate, with extended blind termini of vasculature in the periphery. At least two disparate stem cell lineages (somatic and germ cell lines) circulate in the blood system, affecting life history parameters. Photo by Guy Paz.Back Cover: Paracentrotus lividus four-week-old larvae with fully grown rudiments. Sea urchin juveniles will develop from the echinus rudiment which followed the asymmetrical proliferation of left set-aside cells budding from the primitive intestine of the embryo. Photo by Rosa Bonaventura.Printed on acid-free paper Springer is part of Springer Science+Business Media (www.springer.com) PrefaceStem cell biology is a fast developing scientific discipline. Based on solid basic aspects, this emerging cell biology field is associated with highly popular applied features. Growing attention is devoted in recent years toward studies on stem cells biology in model organisms (mainly mammalians) including stem cells differentiation and gene expression in selective vertebrates. These studies, in addition to their inherent interest in the general biological phenomenon of stem cells, are motivated by the rationale that stem cells might serve in fighting against human diseases, or in regenerating damaged organs in humans. While the literature on stem cell from vertebrates is rich and expanding in an exponential rate, investigations on marine organisms' stem cells are very limited and scarce. This is in spite of the results, pointing that marine organisms' stem cells are important in various biological disciplines that involve understanding of mechanisms promoting cell growth and differentiation, in developmental biology aspects such as regeneration and budding processes in marine invertebrates, body maintenance of marine organisms (including those that may live for decades), aging and senescence.It is unfortunate that the research on marine organisms is lagging behind the studies on vertebrates and some invertebrate model organism (like Drosophila melanogater and Caenorhabditis elegans), in spite the discoveries that very potent stem cells exist, even in the most primitive multicellular marine organisms (like sponges and cnidarians). Recent studies further revealed similarities between the biological properties of stem cells in marine organisms and the vertebrates, and confirmed the existence of unique properties associated with stem cells from marine organisms that lead to phenomena such as somatic and germ cell parasitism, or whole body regeneration. These results also showed that marine invertebrates' stem cells are characterized by an ...

show abstract

Sphedgehog is expressed by pigment cell precursors during early gastrulation in Strongylocentrotus purpuratus

Cited by 5 publications

References 26 publications

Hedgehog signaling patterns mesoderm in the sea urchin

Hedgehog signaling patterns mesoderm in the sea urchin

Genomics and expression profiles of the Hedgehog and Notch signaling pathways in sea urchin development

Stem Cells in Marine Organisms

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About