<i>TFL2/LHP1</i> is involved in auxin biosynthesis through positive regulation of <i>YUCCA</i> genes

Rizzardi, Kristina; Landberg, Katarina; Nilsson, Lars; Ljung, Karin; Sundås-Larsson, Annika

doi:10.1111/j.1365-313x.2010.04470.x

Cited by 42 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 64 publications

(149 reference statements)

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“…The de18 mutant showed statistically significant higher levels of Arf 28 transcripts than the De18 genotype at all four stages. The possible significance of such a response is unclear as it contrasts with another transcription factor of Trp-dependent auxin biosynthesis, TERMINAL FLOWER2 (TFL2), where the mutant gene (tfl2) is correlated with lower rate of auxin biosynthesis and a down-regulation of the AtYuc genes (Rizzardi et al, 2011).…”

Section: Zmyuc1mentioning

confidence: 99%

Impaired Auxin Biosynthesis in the defective endosperm18 Mutant Is Due to Mutational Loss of Expression in the ZmYuc1 Gene Encoding Endosperm-Specific YUCCA1 Protein in Maize

et al. 2012

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The phytohormone auxin (indole-3-acetic acid [IAA]) plays a fundamental role in vegetative and reproductive plant development. Here, we characterized a seed-specific viable maize (Zea mays) mutant, defective endosperm18 (de18) that is impaired in IAA biosynthesis. de18 endosperm showed large reductions of free IAA levels and is known to have approximately 40% less dry mass, compared with De18. Cellular analyses showed lower total cell number, smaller cell volume, and reduced level of endoreduplication in the mutant endosperm. Gene expression analyses of seed-specific tryptophan-dependent IAA pathway genes, maize Yucca1 (ZmYuc1), and two tryptophan-aminotransferase co-orthologs were performed to understand the molecular basis of the IAA deficiency in the mutant. Temporally, all three genes showed high expression coincident with high IAA levels; however, only ZmYuc1 correlated with the reduced IAA levels in the mutant throughout endosperm development. Furthermore, sequence analyses of ZmYuc1 complementary DNA and genomic clones revealed many changes specific to the mutant, including a 2-bp insertion that generated a premature stop codon and a truncated YUC1 protein of 212 amino acids, compared with the 400 amino acids in the De18. The putative, approximately 1.5-kb, Yuc1 promoter region also showed many rearrangements, including a 151-bp deletion in the mutant. Our concurrent high-density mapping and annotation studies of chromosome 10, contig 395, showed that the De18 locus was tightly linked to the gene ZmYuc1. Collectively, the data suggest that the molecular changes in the ZmYuc1 gene encoding the YUC1 protein are the causal basis of impairment in a critical step in IAA biosynthesis, essential for normal endosperm development in maize.

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Section: Zmyuc1mentioning

confidence: 99%

Impaired Auxin Biosynthesis in the defective endosperm18 Mutant Is Due to Mutational Loss of Expression in the ZmYuc1 Gene Encoding Endosperm-Specific YUCCA1 Protein in Maize

et al. 2012

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“…Auxin is key to the development of the vascular tissue, and important genes involved in the biosynthesis, transportation, perception, and signaling of this hormone are among PcG targets (Notaguchi et al, 2008;Lafos et al, 2011;Rizzardi et al, 2011). Several genes that play an important role in the auxin pathway are affected in swn clf (Figure 3; see Supplemental Data Set 1 online) (Lafos et al, 2011).…”

Section: Tissue Differentiation Bypasses Lack Of Pcg Repressionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tissue-Specific Expression of FLOWERING LOCUS T in Arabidopsis Is Maintained Independently of Polycomb Group Protein Repression

et al. 2011

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The Polycomb Group (PcG) pathway represses transcription through a mechanism conserved among plants and animals. PcG-mediated repression can determine spatial territories of gene expression, but it remains unclear whether PcGmediated repression is a regulatory requirement for all targets. Here, we show the role of PcG proteins in the spatial regulation of FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT), a main activator of flowering in Arabidopsis thaliana exclusively expressed in the vasculature. Strikingly, the loss of PcG repression causes down-regulation of FT. In addition, our results show how the effect of PcG-mediated regulation differs for target genes and that, for FT expression, it relies primarily on tissue differentiation.

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“…Three biological replicates were used, and each was analyzed in duplicate. The primer pairs used in this study for the amplification of the transcripts of UBQ10 (Balcerowicz et al, 2011), ATHB2, HFR1, and PIL1 (Lorrain et al, 2008), XTR7 (Hornitschek et al, 2009), TAA1 (Franklin et al, 2011), YUC1 and YUC4 (Rizzardi et al, 2011), YUC2, YUC8, and YUC9 (Stavang et al, 2009), and FT (Wollenberg et al, 2008) were described earlier. Primers for the analysis of SPA1, SPA2, SPA3, and SPA4 transcript levels by quantitative PCR are provided in Supplemental Table S1.…”

Section: Analysis Of Transcript Levels By Quantitative Reverse Transcmentioning

confidence: 99%

Arabidopsis COP1 and SPA Genes Are Essential for Plant Elongation But Not for Acceleration of Flowering Time in Response to a Low Red Light to Far-Red Light Ratio

et al. 2012

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Plants sense vegetative shade as a reduction in the ratio of red light to far-red light (R:FR). Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) responds to a reduced R:FR with increased elongation of the hypocotyl and the leaf petioles as well as with an acceleration of flowering time. The repressor of light signaling, CONSTITUTIVELY PHOTOMORPHOGENIC1 (COP1), has been shown previously to be essential for the shade-avoidance response in seedlings. Here, we have investigated the roles of COP1 and the COP1-interacting SUPPRESSOR OF PHYA-105 (SPA) proteins in seedling and adult facets of the shade-avoidance response. We show that COP1 and the four SPA genes are essential for hypocotyl and leaf petiole elongation in response to low R:FR, in a fashion that involves the COP1/SPA ubiquitination target LONG HYPOCOTYL IN FR LIGHT1 but not ELONGATED HYPOCOTYL5. In contrast, the acceleration of flowering in response to a low R:FR was normal in cop1 and spa mutants, thus demonstrating that the COP1/ SPA complex is only required for elongation responses to vegetative shade and not for shade-induced early flowering. We further show that spa mutant seedlings fail to exhibit an increase in the transcript levels of the auxin biosynthesis genes YUCCA2 (YUC2), YUC8, and YUC9 in response to low R:FR, suggesting that an increase in auxin biosynthesis in vegetative shade requires SPA function. Consistent with this finding, expression of the auxin-response marker gene DR5::GUS did not increase in spa mutant seedlings exposed to low R:FR. We propose that COP1/SPA activity, via LONG HYPOCOTYL IN FR LIGHT1, is required for shadeinduced modulation of the auxin biosynthesis pathway and thereby enhances cell elongation in low R:FR.

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TFL2/LHP1 is involved in auxin biosynthesis through positive regulation of YUCCA genes

Cited by 42 publications

References 64 publications

Impaired Auxin Biosynthesis in the defective endosperm18 Mutant Is Due to Mutational Loss of Expression in the ZmYuc1 Gene Encoding Endosperm-Specific YUCCA1 Protein in Maize

Impaired Auxin Biosynthesis in the defective endosperm18 Mutant Is Due to Mutational Loss of Expression in the ZmYuc1 Gene Encoding Endosperm-Specific YUCCA1 Protein in Maize

Tissue-Specific Expression of FLOWERING LOCUS T in Arabidopsis Is Maintained Independently of Polycomb Group Protein Repression

Arabidopsis COP1 and SPA Genes Are Essential for Plant Elongation But Not for Acceleration of Flowering Time in Response to a Low Red Light to Far-Red Light Ratio

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