<i>The Measurement of Power Spectra</i>

Blackman, R. B.; Tukey, John W.; Teichmann, T.

doi:10.1063/1.3056826

Cited by 1,003 publications

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“…The Fast Fourier Transformation method of the autoeorrelation function and a Blackman and Tukey smoothing window were used on the filtered data in assessing the spectral density function [15,16]. A difference filter, defined as Xd(t)= X(t)-X(t_~) was used to remove low frequency components.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Postprandial oscillations of plasma glucose, insulin and C-peptide in man

Simon

Follénius²,

Brandenberger³

1987

Diabetologia

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Summary. Postprandial plasma glucose, insulin and C-peptide profiles were studied in eight normal subjects, in the afternoon or in the evening. Two to five synchronous oscillations, with a mean period of 51 to 112 min were detected. The oscillations were highest after meals and were then damped, reverting to fasting levels after up to 340 min. Additional short-term oscillations, with periods of 20-30 min and 9-14 min, were observed. Cross-correlation studies of glucose and insulin and of insulin and C-peptide revealed a high correlation in the frequency bands considered. The synchronous oscillations of insulin and C-peptide suggest cyclic variations in pancreatic secretion rather than cyclic changes in insulin degradation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Postprandial oscillations of plasma glucose, insulin and C-peptide in man

Simon

Follénius²,

Brandenberger³

1987

Diabetologia

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“…The root mean square (RMS) value of the actual response (histograms) was computed after the mean value was subtracted, and the RMS value of the model response as well as of the folded histograms and the folded model response were also computed. The computed correlograms were Fourier transformed to obtain estimates of the linear portion of the modulation transfer functions and a Hanning window (Blackman and Tukey, 1958) was used for smoothing (Moller, 1973(Moller, , 1983b.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamic properties of the responses of single neurons in the inferior colliculus of the rat

Møller

Rees

1986

Hearing Research

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The responses of single cells in the central nucleus of the inferior colliculus of the rat were studied with characteristic frequency tones amplitude modulated by pseudorandom noise or sinusoidal waveforms, in order to investigate the degree to which these responses can be described by a linear model. When pseudorandom noise was used as the modulating waveform, period histograms of the response locked to the periodicity of the noise were cross-correlated with a single period of the noise. The response of a model, having this cross-correlogram as its impulse response and the pseudorandom noise sequence as the input waveform, differed in appearance from the corresponding period histogram of the neural discharges, indicating that the latter contained a non-negligible, nonlinear component.Further manipulation of the data showed that the most significant nonlinearities were of even order, which indicates that the changes in neural discharge rate to increments and decrements in stimulus intensity are asymmetrical. In some units, particularly at low mean stimulus intensities, this was clearly evident as a halfwave rectification of the period histogram. The magnitude of the modulation of the period histograms increased as a function of the sound intensity for some units, while in others it decreased; in still other units the magnitude of the modulation of the neural discharges was relatively constant over a large range of stimulus intensities. When the modulation transfer functions were estimated from the responses to noise-modulated sounds they were found to be very similar to those obtained using sinusoidally modulated sound, despite large degrees of nonlinearity being present in the responses to both types of sound.inferior colliculus, amplitude modulation, pseudorandom noise, model simulation IntraductionThe presence of temporal variations of amplitude and frequency may play an important role in the perception of speech and other complex auditory signals. Our understanding of how these signals are encoded and processed at the neuronal level is relatively sparse, particularly where the central nuclei of the auditory pathway are concerned. We have recently undertaken a study of the responses of single neurons in the inferior colliculus of the rat to amplitude-modulated (AM) stimuli. These results are described in two companion papers which are concerned with the stimulus properties which govern the response to AM (e.g., mean intensity, modulation frequency) and the underlying topographical organization within the colliculus for AM responses (Rees and Moller, 1987a,b). The stimuli employed in these studies were chiefly tones and noise amplitude modulated by pseudorandom noise sequences from which estimates of the modulation sensitivity were derived by linear systems analysis.As an introduction to these studies the present paper describes, with the aid of a model, the extent to which this method provides a full description of the responses of inferior colliculus neurons to AM, and compares the estimates of modulation s...

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“…In many time series, as usually obtained in the clinic or field, rhythms and other time structural elements, such as trends and probabilistic chaos [5] can be further blurred by other variations. As a first approximation, certain physiological time series may be classified according to the prominence of their circadian rhythms [6] (cf. [2]):…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…by autocorrelograms [7; cf. 2], power spectra [6], among other procedures of linear-nonlinear rhythmometry [8][9][10][11]; and 2. Removing interfering variations, to some extent at least, by standardized procedures.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Time microscopy for all kinds of data including circadian clock biology

Katinas

Halberg

Cornélissen

et al. 2005

Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy

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Data showing a rhythm to the naked eye prominently, barely or not at all were described as kinds A, B and C, respectively. Here, we document good agreement between estimates of maxima and minima with eyeballing and with the addition of point and interval estimates of parameters in kind A data. We also construct a chart that provides estimates of uncertainties that can be obtained objectively while they are more difficult to quantify subjectively; again there is agreement. Interval as well as point estimates of rhythm characteristics and parameter comparisons are useful in charting all kinds of data and become indispensable as we proceed from kind A to kind C data. Illustrations included herein from molecular biology apply equally to all aspects of transdisciplinary science.

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The Measurement of Power Spectra

Cited by 1,003 publications

References 0 publications

Postprandial oscillations of plasma glucose, insulin and C-peptide in man

Postprandial oscillations of plasma glucose, insulin and C-peptide in man

Dynamic properties of the responses of single neurons in the inferior colliculus of the rat

Time microscopy for all kinds of data including circadian clock biology

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