<i>Theory of Electric Polarisation</i>

Böttcher, C.; Brown, William Fuller

doi:10.1063/1.3061227

Cited by 227 publications

(293 citation statements)

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“…the variations of the radii with density at fixed temperatures are slight; the decreases in the radii are 3-7 times smaller than the rule δR/R ≈ −δρ/3ρ based upon the Onsager estimate of the radius, 4πR 3 ρ/3 = 1 [24,44]. The variation observed for R with temperature at fixed density is not accounted for by the Onsager radius.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 72%

Theoretical Calculation of the Water Ion Product KW

Tawa¹,

Pratt²

1995

J. Am. Chem. Soc.

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A dielectric solvation model is applied to the prediction of the equilibrium ionization of liquid water over a wide range of density and temperature with the objective of calibrating that model for the study of ionization in water of organic acids, e.g., proteins and nucleic acids. The model includes an approximate description of the polarizability of the dissociating water molecule. The calculated pK W are very sensitive to the value of the radii that parameterize the model. The radii required for the spherical molecular volumes of the water molecule in order to fit the experimental ion product are presented and discussed. These radii are larger than those commonly used. They decrease with increasing density as would be guessed but the rate of decrease is slight. They increase with increasing temperature, a variation opposite to what would be guessed if radii were strictly viewed as a distance of closest approach. The molecular theoretical principles that might provide an explanation of the thermodynamic state dependence of these radii are discussed.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 72%

Theoretical Calculation of the Water Ion Product KW

Tawa¹,

Pratt²

1995

J. Am. Chem. Soc.

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“…39,40 The Lorentz-Lorenz formula describes the relationship between the index (n), density (F), and polarizability (R) and is given by where N m is Avogadro's number and M w is the molecular weight. 39, 41 The index at 193 nm increases with increasing density. When the index at 193 nm is plotted against density (shown in Figure 14), an increase in the index with increasing density is observed, as expected based on eq 6.…”

Section: Cycloalkane Absorbance Spectramentioning

confidence: 99%

Fundamental Optical Properties of Linear and Cyclic Alkanes: VUV Absorbance and Index of Refraction

et al. 2009

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VUV absorbance and index of refraction data for a series of linear and cyclic alkanes have been collected in order to understand the relationship between the electronic excitation wavelength (or absorbance edge), index of refraction, and molecular structure. The absorbance edge and index for a homologous series of both linear and cyclic alkanes increase with increasing carbon number. The optical properties of complex cycloalkanes do not vary predictably with increasing carbon number but instead depend on variations in the hydrocarbon structure in addition to hydrocarbon size. An understanding of the fundamental optical properties of this class of compounds is directly applicable to the identification of a high index and low-absorbance fluid for 193 nm immersion lithography.

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“…Simultaneously, energy dissipation characterized by the dielectric loss, e 00 (n), arises from the coupling of electromagnetic waves to dipole fluctuations. 32 Dielectric spectra were recorded in the frequency range of 0.2 r n/GHz r 89 at (25.00 AE 0.05) 1C. For 0.2 r n/GHz r 50 a dielectric probe kit consisting of two reflection probe heads (Agilent 85070E-020 for 0.2-20 GHz and Agilent 85070E-050 for 1.0-50 GHz) was connected to a vector network analyzer (VNA, Agilent E8364B) via an electronic calibration module (ECal, Agilent N4693A).…”

Section: Dielectric Spectroscopymentioning

confidence: 99%

Do H-bonds explain strong ion aggregation in ethylammonium nitrate + acetonitrile mixtures?

Sonnleitner

Nikitina

Nazet

et al. 2013

Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys.

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Binary mixtures of the protic ionic liquid ethylammonium nitrate (EAN) and acetonitrile (AN) were studied at 25 1C over the entire composition range by means of broadband dielectric spectroscopy covering 0.2 r n/GHz r 89. The dielectric spectra could be decomposed into two relaxation processes, both of which proved to be composite modes. For dilute solutions the higher-frequency Debye relaxation centered at B60 GHz is associated with the rotational diffusion of AN molecules, whereas at higher salt concentrations ultra-fast intermolecular vibrations and librations of EAN dominate the process. For EAN-rich solutions the lower-frequency relaxation is mainly due to jump reorientation of the ethylammonium cation, whereas contact ion pairs (CIPs) dominate this mode for dilute solutions. From the relaxation amplitudes effective solvation numbers and ion-pair concentrations were determined. For vanishing EAN mole fraction, x EAN -0, an effective cation solvation number of B7 was found which steeply drops until x EAN E 0.2 but shows only moderate decrease later on. The obtained association constant for EAN, K 0 A = 970 L mol À1 , exceeds that of other 1 : 1 electrolytes in AN by a factor of B30-50. This observation, as well as the fact that CIPs are formed despite strong cation solvation, indicates that ion pairing is mainly driven by the formation of strong hydrogen bonds between anions and cations.

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Theory of Electric Polarisation

Cited by 227 publications

References 0 publications

Theoretical Calculation of the Water Ion Product KW

Theoretical Calculation of the Water Ion Product KW

Fundamental Optical Properties of Linear and Cyclic Alkanes: VUV Absorbance and Index of Refraction

Do H-bonds explain strong ion aggregation in ethylammonium nitrate + acetonitrile mixtures?

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