<i>Toxoplasma</i>vaccines: appropriate end points and sample size in future human clinical trials

Vaccination against the ubiquitous parasite Toxoplasma gondii would provide the most efficient prevention against toxoplasmosis-related congenital, brain and eye diseases in humans. We investigated the immune response elicited by pathogen-specific glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) glycoconjugates using carbohydrate microarrays in a BALB/c mouse model. We further examined the protective properties of the glycoconjugates in a lethal challenge model using the virulent T. gondii RH strain. Upon immunization, mice raised antibodies that bind to the respective GPIs on carbohydrate microarrays, but were mainly directed against an unspecific GPI epitope including the linker. The observed immune response, though robust, was unable to provide protection in mice when challenged with a lethal dose of viable tachyzoites. We demonstrate that anti-GPI antibodies raised against the here described semi-synthetic glycoconjugates do not confer protective immunity against T. gondii in BALB/c mice.

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Investigation of the protective properties of glycosylphosphatidylinositol-based vaccine candidates in aToxoplasma gondiimouse challenge model

Götze

Reinhardt

Geissner

et al. 2015

Glycobiology

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Ocular manifestations of systemic disease: ocular parasitosis

Rathinam¹,

Kawali²

2010

Current Opinion in Ophthalmology

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Much has been achieved; however, much more effort is needed in the area of translational research from bench to bedside. There is a need to enhance the awareness of risk factors of parasitic diseases in the population. Newer molecular diagnostic techniques need to be standardized for field application. Steps needed to be taken by the ophthalmologist when a parasite is seen in ocular tissues including identification, search for systemic involvement, treatment for elimination and sequelae and public health notification. Lack of methodological uniformity in management emphasis the need for standardization including construction of management algorithm for ophthalmologists.

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Recent advances in developing vaccines againstToxoplasma gondii: an update

Zhang

Wang

et al. 2015

Expert Review of Vaccines

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Toxoplasma gondii, a significant public health risk, is able to infect almost all warm-blooded animals including humans, and it results in economic losses in production animals. In the last three years, a large number of vaccination experiments have been performed to control T. gondii infection, with the target of limiting the acute infection and reducing or eliminating tissue cysts in the intermediate hosts. In this paper, we summarize the latest results of the veterinary vaccines against T. gondii infection since 2013. Immunization with live-attenuated whole organisms of non-reverting mutants has been shown to induce remarkably potent immune responses associated with control of acute and chronic toxoplasmosis. The non-cyst-forming mutants are promising new tools for the development of veterinary vaccines against T. gondii infection.

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Toxoplasmavaccines: appropriate end points and sample size in future human clinical trials

Cited by 3 publications

References 28 publications

Investigation of the protective properties of glycosylphosphatidylinositol-based vaccine candidates in aToxoplasma gondiimouse challenge model

Investigation of the protective properties of glycosylphosphatidylinositol-based vaccine candidates in aToxoplasma gondiimouse challenge model

Ocular manifestations of systemic disease: ocular parasitosis

Recent advances in developing vaccines againstToxoplasma gondii: an update

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