Trema orientalis (Linn.) leaves promotes anticancer activity in Ehrlich ascites carcinoma (EAC) in Swiss albino mice

Abstract

BackgroundThe in vivo anticancer effect of the Trema orientalis leaves crude methanol extract (TLME) was screened against Ehrlich ascites carcinoma (EAC) in Swiss albino mice.Materials and methodsThe cytotoxic activity of TLME was determined in vitro by the 3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. The growth inhibitory activity and morphological alterations were determined by the hemocytometer counting of the EAC cells using trypan blue dye. The apoptotic cells were assessed by DAPI (4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole) staining. The hematological and biochemical parameters of experimental mice were also estimated.ResultsAfter treatment with the TLME, the viable tumor cell count, morphological changes and nuclear damages of the EAC cells were observed along with the hematological parameters of the experimental mice. The LD50 of TLME was 3120.650 mg/kg body weight, and this extract was proven to be safe at a dose of as high as 800 mg/kg body weight. The oral administration of the TLME at 400 mg/kg body weight resulted in approximately 59% tumor cell growth inhibition compared with the control mice, with considerable apoptotic features, including membrane blebbing, chromatin condensation, nuclear fragmentation and aggregation of the apoptotic bodies in DAPI staining under a fluorescence microscope. The TLME also dose-dependently restored the altered hematological parameters to approximately normal levels. The TLME exhibited bolstering cytotoxic effect against the EAC cell with the IC50 value of 29.952 ± 1.816 μg/mL.ConclusionThe TLME has potential as a natural anti-cancer product with apoptosis induction property and cytotoxicity against carcinoma cells.

Unveiling therapeutic efficacy of extract and multi-targeting phytocompounds from Christella dentata (Forssk.) Brownsey & Jermy against multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa

“…Following the methodology outlined in a prior investigation with slight changes, an ethanol extract of Christella dentata 's aerial parts (EECD) was prepared. 27 A total of 100 grams of powdered plant material were split into four separate 500 mL conical flasks. To each flask, 100 mL of ethanol was introduced, and the flasks were then kept within a shaking incubator (JSSI-300T, JSR, South Korea), undergoing agitation at 250 rpm for 72 h at 37 °C.…”

Trema orientale (L.) Blume: A review of its taxonomy, traditional uses, phytochemistry, pharmacological activities and domestication potential

“…The results showed that HCT116 cells significantly declined, about 98 % at 7.5 μg/mL after fourteen days of incubation and exhibited the strongest clonogenic activity [ 71 ]. Similarly, Kabir et al [ 72 ] studied the anticancer potential of T. orientale methanolic leaf extracts in Swiss albino mice against Ehrlich ascites carcinoma (EAC). The animals were transplanted with EAC and treated for six days with the crude extract, intraperitoneal EAC cells were then collected, harvested and counted by hemocytometer.…”

Evaluation of Senna tora (L.) Roxb. leaves as source of bioactive molecules with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antibacterial potential

“…They are still a huge source of prominent and effective bioactive compounds that are capable of being employed as medications right away [ 2 ]. There are numerous examples of plant-based medications, like antimicrobial as nicotine, antioxidant as nordihydroguaiaretic acid (NDGA), anticancer as vinblastine, bleomycin, paclitaxin, and taxol, and anti-inflammatory as aescin and capsaicin, cardiotonic as acetyldigoxin, and antiparkinsonism as l -dopa, etc [ 1 , 3 ]. Their use is promoted in the Ayurvedic, Unani, Siddha, Homeopathic, and other frameworks of medication [ 1 ].…”