<i>Trichosporon</i>
            Species Isolated from Guano Samples Obtained from Bat-Inhabited Caves in Japan

Sugita, Takashi; Kikuchi, Ken; Makimura, Koichi; Urata, Kensaku; Sügimura, Takashi; Kamei, Katsuhiko; Niimi, Masakazu; Uehara, Yoshimasa

doi:10.1128/aem.71.11.7626-7629.2005

Cited by 55 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…The different genera and species isolated in this study corresponds well to previous karst studies (Nováková, 2009;Vanderwolf et al, 2013;Sugita et al, 2005;Shapiro and Pringle, 2010). Here, we isolated and identified 38 MTUs up to species level.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 51%

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First survey of the fungi from the Bakwena Cave in South Africa suggests low human disturbance

Jacobs¹,

Msimang²,

Venter³

2017

JCKS

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Currently there are no studies on the microbial karst niche in South Africa. Most of the studies on these environments focus on archaeology and animals that occur in caves. However, there are several caves that are threatened by urban development of the surrounding areas. The Bakwena Cave is such a threatened cave with extensive urban development of the surrounding grassland biome it is located in. The cave is located in dolomite and the entrance is a sinkhole. This cave serves as a permanent roost for a large population of Natal clinging bats Miniopterus natalensis. The ecosystem of the cave is driven by the deposition of guano by the bats, as there is no deep penetration of plant debris from the outside. To identify the fungal component of the microbial ecosystem, we sampled guano, soil, and sediment from various areas within the cave over a period of one year. All isolations were performed on low-nutrient medium to restrict the colony growth and to ensure that all culturable fungi were obtained. These isolates were barcoded using the ITS1 gene region to identify them and to establish a baseline of fungi occurring in South African caves. The majority of isolates associated were Aspergillus and Penicillium species identified in previous studies from cave environments. Some opportunistic pathogens were identified that could have an impact as more people visit the cave due to its close proximity to housing developments. However, currently the cave fits a model that indicates it has a low level of human disturbance. Our study is the first on the cave fungal component in South Africa and provides a baseline that can advise developers and environmental impact assessments on fungal species found in caves.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 51%

“…These species have been associated with fungal infections in immune-compromised individuals. Candida palmioleophila, a yeast, has been previously reported from bat guano sampled in Japan (Sugita et al, 2005). Figure 1.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

First survey of the fungi from the Bakwena Cave in South Africa suggests low human disturbance

Jacobs¹,

Msimang²,

Venter³

2017

JCKS

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“…Trichosporon laibachii, T. porosum and seven new Trichosporon species, eight ascomycetous yeasts and one basidiomycetous yeast were reported from bat guano samples from bat-inhabited caves in Japan (Sugita et al, 2005 and C. guilliermondii var. guilliermondii).…”

Section: Chaetomium Globosummentioning

confidence: 99%

Microscopic fungi isolated from the Domica Cave system (Slovak Karst National Park, Slovakia). A review

Nováková¹

2009

IJS

115

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A broad spectrum, total of 195 microfungal taxa, were isolated from various cave substrates (cave air, cave sediments, bat droppings and/or guano, earthworm casts, isopods and diplopods faeces, mammalian dung, cadavers, vermiculations, insect bodies, plant material, etc.) from the cave system of the Domica Cave (Slovak Karst National Park, Slovakia) using dilution, direct and gravity settling culture plate methods and several isolation media. Penicillium glandicola, Trichoderma polysporum, Oidiodendron cerealis, Mucor spp., Talaromyces flavus and species of the genus Doratomyces were isolated frequently during our study. Estimated microfungal species diversity was compared with literature records from the same substrates published in the past.Keywords: Domica Cave system, microfungi, air, sediments, bat guano, invertebrate traces, dung, vermiculations, cadavers DESCRIPTION OF STUDIED CAVESThe Domica Cave system is located on the southwestern edge of the Silická Plateau in the Slovak Karst National Park, close to the state border with Hungary. Geographic coordinates of the Domica Cave entrance are 48 o 28'43'' N and 20 o 28'22'' E, and its entrance is counted in the land-register of the village Kečovo 10 km south of the town Plešivec, at the southern foothill of Domica Hill, 339 m a.s.l. The Domica Cave is connected with the chasm-like Čertova diera Cave (the Devil's Pit Cave) and together with the Stará Domica Cave (the Old Domica Cave) and the Dlhá Chodba Cave (Long Passage Cave -a corridor between Domica and Baradla caves) they reach a length of 5,358 m. They also form one generic unit with the Baradla Cave in Hungary with a total length of about 25 km, from which almost one quarter is in Slovak territory. Currently, the show cave is 1,315 m. The cave was formed in the Middle Triassic by pale Wetterstein limestones of the Silica Nappe along the tectonic faults by corrosive and erosive activities of the Styx stream and the Domický Brook and smaller underground tributaries draining water mainly from the non-karst part of the basin. Air temperature ranges from 10.2 to 11.4 °C and relative humidity from 95 to 98 %. The cave system is an important wintering place for bats. Very numerous colonies of the Schreiber´s Bats (Miniopterus schreibersii) Abstract:

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“…2 They belong to the human microbiome, as colonizers of the gastrointestinal and oral cavities, male perigenital skin (scrotal, perianal, and inguinal sites of the body) and temporarily inhabiting the respiratory tract and skin. [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12] It is not clear how Trichosporonosis can be acquired, but the following possibilities can be envisaged: (i) poor hygiene, (ii) bathing in contaminated water, (iii) sexual transmission, (iv) hair humidity and the length of the scalp hair (more specifically in the case of acquiring white piedra), (v) gastrointestinal colonization and further translocation throughout the gut (deep-seated infections), and (vi) exogenously acquired through a percutaneously inserted intravascular catheter via colonized skin. [13][14][15][16][17][18] In spite of the fact that Trichosporon spp are probably the second or third most common non-Candida yeast infections causing invasive disease in patients with hematological cancer, there are few reports related to virulence factors of this genus.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The development of animal infection models and antifungal efficacy assays against clinical isolates ofTrichosporon asahii,T. asteroidesandT. inkin

et al. 2015

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The present study developed Galleria mellonella and murine infection models for the study of Trichosporon infections. The utility of the developed animal models was demonstrated through the assessment of virulence and antifungal efficacy for 7 clinical isolates of Trichosporon asahii, T. asteroides and T. inkin. The susceptibility of the Trichosporon isolates to several common antifungal drugs was tested in vitro using the broth microdilution and the Etest methods. The E-test method depicted a lower minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) for amphotericin and a slightly higher MIC for caspofungin, while MICs observed for the azoles were different but comparable between both methods. All three Trichosporon species established infection in both the G. mellonella and immunosuppressed murine models. Species and strain dependent differences were observed in both the G. mellonella and murine models. T. asahii was demonstrated to be more virulent than the other 2 species in both animal hosts. Significant differences in virulence were observed between strains for T. asteroides in the murine model. In both animal models, fluconazole and voriconazole were able to improve the survival of the animals compared to the untreated control groups infected with any of the 3 Trichosporon species. In G. mellonella, amphotericin was not able to reduce mortality in any of the 3 species. In contrast, amphotericin was able to reduce murine mortality in the T. asahii or T. inkin models, respectively. Hence, the developed animal infection models can be directly applicable to the future deeper investigation of the molecular determinants of Trichosporon virulence and antifungal resistance.

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Trichosporon Species Isolated from Guano Samples Obtained from Bat-Inhabited Caves in Japan

Cited by 55 publications

References 23 publications

First survey of the fungi from the Bakwena Cave in South Africa suggests low human disturbance

First survey of the fungi from the Bakwena Cave in South Africa suggests low human disturbance

Microscopic fungi isolated from the Domica Cave system (Slovak Karst National Park, Slovakia). A review

The development of animal infection models and antifungal efficacy assays against clinical isolates ofTrichosporon asahii,T. asteroidesandT. inkin

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