<i>TXM-Sandbox</i>: an open-source software for transmission X-ray microscopy data analysis

Xiao, Xianghui; Xu, Zhengrui; Lin, Feng; Lee, Wah Keat

doi:10.1107/s1600577521011978

Cited by 15 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…2e, j is shown in Supplementary Table 3 , and 3D renderings of the estimated Ni valence state distribution in gravel- and rod-NMC at 150 ˚C are shown in Supplementary Fig. 7 , which agrees with previous research works 23 , 30 . Such oxidation state evolution dissimilarity, resulting from different grain arrangements, can be better appreciated by statistical analysis of the SoC difference mapping as shown in Fig.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 90%

“…Moreover, 3DTXM can be conducted in XANES mode (XANES-3DTXM), offering information on TM oxidation states. In this work, the fitted white-line energy from Ni XANES spectra was used as an indicator of the local state of charge (SoC) in the cathodes, validated by previous research work 23 . An example of the Ni oxidation state mapping deriving from XANES-3DTXM datasets can be found in Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 86%

“…The XANES-3DTXM measurements were then conducted when holding the chamber temperature at 25 °C, 150 °C, 200 °C, and 250 °C, respectively. A scientific package, TXM-Sandbox, was used to reconstruct and align the tomographic datasets at different X-ray exposure energies 23 . K-edge white-line energy was extracted to benchmark the relative oxidation state of Ni by fitting the spectra in MATLAB with a combination of trigonometric and 2nd order polynomial functions for the best convergence.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of the grain arrangements on the thermal stability of polycrystalline nickel-rich lithium-based battery cathodes

Hou

Yang

et al. 2022

Nat Commun

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One of the most challenging aspects of developing high-energy lithium-based batteries is the structural and (electro)chemical stability of Ni-rich active cathode materials at thermally-abused and prolonged cell cycling conditions. Here, we report in situ physicochemical characterizations to improve the fundamental understanding of the degradation mechanism of charged polycrystalline Ni-rich cathodes at elevated temperatures (e.g., ≥ 40 °C). Using multiple microscopy, scattering, thermal, and electrochemical probes, we decouple the major contributors for the thermal instability from intertwined factors. Our research work demonstrates that the grain microstructures play an essential role in the thermal stability of polycrystalline lithium-based positive battery electrodes. We also show that the oxygen release, a crucial process during battery thermal runaway, can be regulated by engineering grain arrangements. Furthermore, the grain arrangements can also modulate the macroscopic crystallographic transformation pattern and oxygen diffusion length in layered oxide cathode materials.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 86%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of the grain arrangements on the thermal stability of polycrystalline nickel-rich lithium-based battery cathodes

Hou

Yang

et al. 2022

Nat Commun

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“…imagingbased nano-XANES data analysis, in which varying levels of noise and backgrounds could be pronounced. TVDM has been integrated into TXM_Sandbox (Xiao et al, 2022) that will be released at https://github.com/xianghuix/TXM_Sandbox.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the data analysis in nanoscale X-ray imaging and microscopy, e.g. transmission X-ray microscopy based XANES (TXM-XANES), image registration is a critical data pre-processing step (Xiao et al, 2022;Yu et al, 2018;Lerotic et al, 2014). In such applications, the features' contrasts and intensities, background patterns and noise levels in the images may vary significantly.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rigid registration algorithm based on the minimization of the total variation of the difference map

Xiao¹,

Xu²,

Hou³

et al. 2022

J Synchrotron Radiat

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Image registration is broadly used in various scenarios in which similar scenes in different images are to be aligned. However, image registration becomes challenging when the contrasts and backgrounds in the images are vastly different. This work proposes using the total variation of the difference map between two images (TVDM) as a dissimilarity metric in rigid registration. A method based on TVDM minimization is implemented for image rigid registration. The method is tested with both synthesized and real experimental data that have various noise and background conditions. The performance of the proposed method is compared with the results of other rigid registration methods. It is demonstrated that the proposed method is highly accurate and robust and outperforms other methods in all of the tests. The new algorithm provides a robust option for image registrations that are critical to many nano-scale X-ray imaging and microscopy applications.

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Unveiling the Mechanical and Electrochemical Evolution of Nanosilicon Composite Anodes in Sulfide‐Based All‐Solid‐State Batteries

Cao

Singh

et al. 2023

Advanced Energy Materials

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The utilization of silicon anodes in all‐solid‐state lithium batteries provides good prospects for facilitating high energy density. However, the compatibility of sulfide solid‐state electrolytes (SEs) with Si and carbon is often questioned due to potential decomposition. Herein, operando X‐ray absorption near‐edge structure (XANES) spectroscopy, ex situ scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and ex situ X‐ray nanotomography (XnT) are utilized to investigate the chemistry and structure evolution of nano‐Si composite anodes. Results from XANES demonstrate a partial decomposition of SEs during the first lithiation stage, which is intensified by the presence of carbon. Nevertheless, the performances of first three cycles in Si–SE–C are stable, which proves that the generated media is ionically conductive. XnT and SEM results show that the addition of SEs and carbon improves the structural stability of the anode, with fewer pores and voids. A chemo‐elasto‐plastic model reveals that SEs and carbon buffer the volume expansion of Si, thus enhancing mechanical stability. The balance between the pros and cons of SEs and carbon in enhancing reaction kinetics and structural stability enables the Si composite anode to demonstrate the highest Si utilization with higher specific capacities and a better rate than pure Si and Si composite anodes with only SEs.

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TXM-Sandbox: an open-source software for transmission X-ray microscopy data analysis

Cited by 15 publications

References 25 publications

Effect of the grain arrangements on the thermal stability of polycrystalline nickel-rich lithium-based battery cathodes

Effect of the grain arrangements on the thermal stability of polycrystalline nickel-rich lithium-based battery cathodes

Rigid registration algorithm based on the minimization of the total variation of the difference map

Unveiling the Mechanical and Electrochemical Evolution of Nanosilicon Composite Anodes in Sulfide‐Based All‐Solid‐State Batteries

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