<i>Vibrio cholerae</i>O1 Variant with Reduced Susceptibility to Ciprofloxacin, Western Africa

Quilici, M; Massenet, D; Gaké, Bouba; Bwalki, Barem; Olson, David M.

doi:10.3201/eid1611.100568

Cited by 60 publications

(72 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Results from the present study confirm the emergence of genotype 7 in Dhaka, and 2008-2010 was the time of transition from ctxB genotype 1 to genotype 7. V. cholerae O1 ET possessing ctxB genotype 7 and showing reduced susceptibility to CIP, as reported in India (Kumar et al, 2009), has been reported recently in western Africa (Quilici et al, 2010). V. cholerae strains with ctxB genotype 7 in Dhaka were uniformly sensitive to CIP; however, switching from ctxB genotype 1 to genotype 7 may be yet another major turning point, especially if the altered ET with the same ctxB genotype 7 was responsible for the severe cholera epidemic that continues in Haiti (Chin et al, 2011).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 53%

“…During the past two decades, several cholera-endemic countries including India and Bangladesh have reported V. cholerae serogroup O1 resistance to tetracycline (TE), ampicillin (AMP), kanamycin (KN), sulfonamides, streptomycin (SM), trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (SXT), norfloxacin (NOR), gentamicin (CN), furazolidone (FR), ciprofloxacin (CIP) and erythromycin (E) (Faruque et al, 2007;Sack et al, 2004;Jain et al, 2011). The increasing trend of multidrug resistance of V. cholerae associated with severe disease is becoming a serious public health concern globally (Jain et al, 2011;Kumar et al, 2010;Quilici et al, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Genetic characteristics of drug-resistant Vibrio cholerae O1 causing endemic cholera in Dhaka, 2006–2011

Rashed

Mannan

Johura

et al. 2012

Journal of Medical Microbiology

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Vibrio cholerae O1 biotype El Tor (ET), causing the seventh cholera pandemic, was recently replaced in Bangladesh by an altered ET possessing ctxB of the Classical (CL) biotype, which caused the first six cholera pandemics. In the present study, V. cholerae O1 strains associated with endemic cholera in Dhaka between 2006 and 2011 were analysed for major phenotypic and genetic characteristics. Of 54 representative V. cholerae isolates tested, all were phenotypically ET and showed uniform resistance to trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (SXT) and furazolidone (FR). Resistance to tetracycline (TE) and erythromycin (E) showed temporal fluctuation, varying from year to year, while all isolates were susceptible to gentamicin (CN) and ciprofloxacin (CIP). Yearwise data revealed erythromycin resistance to be 33.3 % in 2006 and 11 % in 2011, while tetracycline resistance accounted for 33, 78, 0, 100 and 27 %

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 53%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic characteristics of drug-resistant Vibrio cholerae O1 causing endemic cholera in Dhaka, 2006–2011

Rashed

Mannan

Johura

et al. 2012

Journal of Medical Microbiology

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“…Cholera is endemic and a major public health concern in Thailand (Bureau of Epidemiology, 2010), especially for lower socio-economic groups in the north-east region (Tangkanakul & Hanpanjakit, 2007 Jain et al, 2011;Kumar et al, 2010a;Quilici et al, 2010). A recent study reported limited phenotypic, genotypic and virulence characteristics of V. cholerae O1 strains associated with endemic cholera in Thailand (Na-Ubol et al, 2011;Okada et al, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…At the beginning of 2010, outbreaks of cholera were reported in 15 provinces, including Khon Kaen, the largest provincial city in northeast Thailand. Although treatment for cholera includes a 3 day course of effective antibiotics and rehydration therapy, a progressive increase in drug resistance makes cholera treatment very difficult, not only in Thailand but worldwide (Ang et al, 2010;Jain et al, 2011;Kumar et al, 2010a;Quilici et al, 2010). A recent study reported limited phenotypic, genotypic and virulence characteristics of V. cholerae O1 strains associated with endemic cholera in Thailand (Na-Ubol et al, 2011;Okada et al, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…According to a recent report, altered ET strains were predominant among CL and ET biotype progenitors associated with endemic cholera in Mexico between 1991and 1997. Such altered ET strains were found to cause a more severe disease in Asia (Siddique et al, 2010), and are being reported globally (Chin et al, 2011; Na-Ubol et al, 2011; Okada et al, 2010;Goel et al, 2011).Cholera is endemic and a major public health concern in Thailand (Bureau of Epidemiology, 2010), especially for lower socio-economic groups in the north-east region (Tangkanakul & Hanpanjakit, 2007 Jain et al, 2011;Kumar et al, 2010a;Quilici et al, 2010). A recent study reported limited phenotypic, genotypic and virulence characteristics of V. cholerae O1 strains associated with endemic cholera in Thailand (Na-Ubol et al, 2011;Okada et al, 2012).…”

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confidence: 98%

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Drug response and genetic properties of Vibrio cholerae associated with endemic cholera in north-eastern Thailand, 2003–2011

Chomvarin

Johura

Mannan

et al. 2013

Journal of Medical Microbiology

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Cholera, caused by Vibrio cholerae, results in significant morbidity and mortality worldwide, including Thailand. Representative V. cholerae strains associated with endemic cholera (n532), including strains (n53) from surface water sources, in Khon Kaen, Thailand (2003-2011, were subjected to microbiological, molecular and phylogenetic analyses. According to phenotypic and related genetic data, all tested V. cholerae strains belonged to serogroup O1, biotype El Tor (ET), Inaba (IN) or Ogawa (OG). All of the strains were sensitive to gentamicin and ciprofloxacin, while multidrug-resistant (MDR) strains showing resistance to erythromycin, tetracycline, trimethoprim/ sulfamethoxazole and ampicillin were predominant in 2007. V. cholerae strains isolated before and after 2007 were non-MDR. All except six diarrhoeal strains possessed ctxA and ctxB genes and were toxigenic altered ET, confirmed by MAMA-PCR and DNA sequencing. Year-wise data revealed that V. cholerae INET strains isolated between 2003 and 2004, plus one strain isolated in 2007, lacked the RS1 sequence (rstC) and toxin-linked cryptic plasmid (TLC)-specific genetic marker, but possessed CTX CL prophage genes ctxB CL and rstR CL . A sharp genetic transition was noted, namely the majority of V. cholerae strains in 2007 and all in 2010 and 2011 were not repressor genotype rstR CL but instead were rstR ET , and all ctx + strains possessed RS1 and TLCspecific genetic markers. DNA sequencing data revealed that strains isolated since 2007 had a mutation in the tcpA gene at amino acid position 64 (NAS). Four clonal types, mostly of environmental origin, including subtypes, reflected genetic diversity, while distinct signatures were observed for clonally related, altered ET from Thailand, Vietnam and Bangladesh, confirmed by distinct subclustering patterns observed in the PFGE (NotI)-based dendrogram, suggesting that endemic cholera is caused by V. cholerae indigenous to Khon Kaen.3These authors contributed equally to this work.Abbreviations: AMP, ampicillin; CL, classical; CTX, cholera toxin; E, erythromycin; ET, El Tor; MAMA, mismatch amplification mutation assay; MDR, multidrug resistant; SXT, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole; TE, tetracycline; TLC, toxin-linked cryptic plasmid. INTRODUCTIONCholera is a severe form of acute diarrhoea, caused by the gamma-proteobacterium Vibrio cholerae. V. cholerae comprises more than 200 'O' serogroups even though the disease historically has been considered to be caused only by V. cholerae serogroups O1 and O139 . Serogroup O1 has two biotypes, Classical (CL) and El Tor (ET), of which the former is associated with the first six pandemics starting in 1817 before the latter was isolated at the beginning of the current ongoing seventh cholera pandemic in the 1960s (Kaper et al., 1995). The CL biotype differs from the ET biotype in some phenotypic traits, primarily haemolysis of sheep erythrocytes, agglutination of chicken erythrocytes, Voges-Proskauer reaction, sensitivity to polymyxin B and sensitivity to specific phages (Kaper e...

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Cholera Outbreaks in the El Tor Biotype Era and the Impact of the New El Tor Variants

Mukhopadhyay

Takeda

Nair

2014

Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology

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Vibrio cholerae O1, the causative agent of the disease cholera, has two biotypes namely the classical and El Tor. Biotype is a subspecific taxonomic classification of V. cholerae O1. Differentiation of V. cholerae strains into biotype does not alter the clinical management of cholera but is of immense public health and epidemiological importance in identifying the source and spread of infection, particularly when V. cholerae is first isolated in a country or geographic area. From recorded history, till date, the world has experienced seven pandemics of cholera. Among these, the first six pandemics are believed to have been caused by the classical biotype whereas the ongoing seventh pandemic is caused by the El Tor biotype. In recent years, new pathogenic variants of V. cholerae have emerged and spread throughout many Asian and African countries with corresponding cryptic changes in the epidemiology of cholera. In this chapter, we describe the outbreaks during the seventh pandemic El Tor biotype era spanning more than five decades along with the recent advances in our understanding of the development, evolution, spread, and impact of the new variants of El Tor strains.

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Vibrio choleraeO1 Variant with Reduced Susceptibility to Ciprofloxacin, Western Africa

Cited by 60 publications

References 8 publications

Genetic characteristics of drug-resistant Vibrio cholerae O1 causing endemic cholera in Dhaka, 2006–2011

Genetic characteristics of drug-resistant Vibrio cholerae O1 causing endemic cholera in Dhaka, 2006–2011

Drug response and genetic properties of Vibrio cholerae associated with endemic cholera in north-eastern Thailand, 2003–2011

Cholera Outbreaks in the El Tor Biotype Era and the Impact of the New El Tor Variants

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