<i>Wolbachia</i>-Virus interactions and arbovirus control through population replacement in mosquitoes

Ant, Thomas H.; Mancini, Maria Vittoria; McNamara, Cameron; Rainey, Stephanie M.; Sinkins, Steven P.

doi:10.1080/20477724.2022.2117939

Cited by 32 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 165 publications

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“…Similarly, future work could examine trends in how coinfection dynamics are studied and tested. Both insect-specific viruses and Wolbachia have been considered as potential biological countermeasures to arboviral transmission in mosquitoes [45][46][47][48] ; however, the network of pathogencoinfection-vector combinations has been characterized even less systematically, and these data remain largely unsynthesized. Addressing these types of questions in the future may point to new opportunities for both empirical research and modeling that harnesses these data to predict and prevent arboviral emergence.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring the Mosquito–Arbovirus Network: A Survey of Vector Competence Experiments

Chen

Sweeny

et al. 2023

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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Arboviruses receive heightened research attention during major outbreaks or when they cause unusual or severe clinical disease, but they are otherwise undercharacterized. Global change is also accelerating the emergence and spread of arboviral diseases, leading to time-sensitive questions about potential interactions between viruses and novel vectors. Vector competence experiments help determine the susceptibility of certain arthropods to a given arbovirus, but these experiments are often conducted in real time during outbreaks, rather than with preparedness in mind. We conducted a systematic review of reported mosquito–arbovirus competence experiments, screening 570 abstracts to arrive at 265 studies testing in vivo arboviral competence. We found that more than 90% of potential mosquito–virus combinations are untested in experimental settings and that entire regions and their corresponding vectors and viruses are undersampled. These knowledge gaps stymie outbreak response and limit attempts to both build and validate predictive models of the vector–virus network.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring the Mosquito–Arbovirus Network: A Survey of Vector Competence Experiments

Chen

Sweeny

et al. 2023

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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“…TEM analyses revealed wMel and wAlbB were individually surrounded by ER membranes at a high frequency. This may be strategic by these strains; for example, the wMel genome lacks pathways for metabolizing some membrane components, relying on its host for many of the materials required for their membrane formation [76][77][78] . Since wPip does not demand this close association for its active replication, perhaps it has alternate ways of acquiring nutrients or has a more complete intrinsic metabolic capacity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

AntiviralWolbachiastrains associate withAedes aegyptiendoplasmic reticulum membranes and disturb host cell lipid distribution to restrict dengue virus replication

Loterio,

Monson,

Templin

et al. 2023

Preprint

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The insect endosymbiotic bacteriumWolbachia pipientisis being utilised as a biocontrol tool to reduce the incidence ofAedes aegypti-transmitted viral diseases like dengue. However, the precise mechanisms underpinningWolbachia's antiviral activity are not well defined. Here we generated a panel ofAe. aegypti-derived cell lines infected with antiviral strainswMel andwAlbB or the non-antiviral strainwPip to understand host cell morphological changes specifically induced by antiviral strains. Antiviral strains were frequently found to be entirely wrapped by the host endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane, whilewPip bacteria clustered separately in the host cell cytoplasm. ER-derived lipid droplets (LDs) increased in volume inwMel- andwAlbB-infected cell lines and mosquito tissues compared to cells infected withwPip orWolbachia-free controls. Inhibition of fatty acid synthase (required for triacylglycerol biosynthesis) reduced LD formation and significantly restored ER-associated dengue virus replication in cells occupied bywMel. Together, this suggests that antiviralWolbachiastrains may specifically alter the lipid composition of the ER to preclude the establishment of DENV replication complexes. DefiningWolbachia's antiviral mechanisms will support the application and longevity of this effective biocontrol tool that is already being used at scale.

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“…Regarding the refractoriness to arboviruses, the w Mel strain inhibits the transmission of CHIKV [ 8 ], Yellow Fever [ 17 ], and Mayaro viruses [ 18 ], but its protective effect is not complete against DENV-1 [ 19 , 20 , 21 ] and ZIKV [ 22 ]. Although the complete mechanism of Wolbachia -mediated blocking of arboviruses is not fully understood, there is evidence of mosquito immune priming, competition for lipids, and production of reactive oxygen species, among others (reviewed in [ 23 , 24 ]). The inhibition of arbovirus replication seems to also be bacterial density dependent, i.e., higher blocking is expected in individuals with higher Wolbachia density in mosquito tissues [ 25 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

DENV-1 Titer Impacts Viral Blocking in wMel Aedes aegypti with Brazilian Genetic Background

Corrêa-Antônio,

David,

Couto-Lima

et al. 2024

Viruses

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Several countries have been using Wolbachia deployments to replace highly competent native Aedes aegypti populations with Wolbachia-carrying mosquitoes with lower susceptibility to arboviruses such as dengue, Zika, and chikungunya. In Rio de Janeiro, Wolbachia deployments started in 2015 and still present a moderate introgression with a modest reduction in dengue cases in humans (38%). Here, we evaluated the vector competence of wild-type and wMel-infected Ae. aegypti with a Brazilian genetic background to investigate whether virus leakage could contribute to the observed outcomes in Brazil. We collected the specimens in three areas of Rio de Janeiro with distinct frequencies of mosquitoes with wMel strain and two areas with wild Ae. aegypti. The mosquitoes were orally exposed to two titers of DENV-1 and the saliva of DENV-1-infected Ae. aegypti was microinjected into wMel-free mosquitoes to check their infectivity. When infected with the high DENV-1 titer, the presence of wMel did not avoid viral infection in mosquitoes’ bodies and saliva but DENV-1-infected wMel mosquitoes produced lower viral loads than wMel-free mosquitoes. On the other hand, wMel mosquitoes infected with the low DENV-1 titer were less susceptible to virus infection than wMel-free mosquitoes, although once infected, wMel and wMel-free mosquitoes exhibited similar viral loads in the body and the saliva. Our results showed viral leakage in 60% of the saliva of wMel mosquitoes with Brazilian background; thus, sustained surveillance is imperative to monitor the presence of other circulating DENV-1 strains capable of overcoming the Wolbachia blocking phenotype, enabling timely implementation of action plans.

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Wolbachia-Virus interactions and arbovirus control through population replacement in mosquitoes

Cited by 32 publications

References 165 publications

Exploring the Mosquito–Arbovirus Network: A Survey of Vector Competence Experiments

Exploring the Mosquito–Arbovirus Network: A Survey of Vector Competence Experiments

AntiviralWolbachiastrains associate withAedes aegyptiendoplasmic reticulum membranes and disturb host cell lipid distribution to restrict dengue virus replication

DENV-1 Titer Impacts Viral Blocking in wMel Aedes aegypti with Brazilian Genetic Background

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