<i>β</i>-Defensin-3 and -4 in intestinal epithelial cells display increased mRNA expression in ulcerative colitis

Fahlgren, Anna; Danielsson, Åke; Hammarström, Marie‐Louise

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2249.2004.02543.x

Cited by 124 publications

(119 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…For example, HBD-1 is expressed constitutively at multiple epithelial sites, including the esophagus, stomach, and colon, whereas ␣-defensins are expressed only in the small intestine, mainly in Paneth cells (72). Defensins synthesized in the colon comprise HBD-1, HBD-2, HBD-3, and, in smaller amounts, HBD-4 (14,46,71). Cathelicidin is expressed in the stomach and lower small bowel and throughout the colon (71,72).…”

Section: Gastrointestinal Infectious Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Susceptibility to Infectious Diseases Based on Antimicrobial Peptide Production

2009

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In the last few years, the great impact of antimicrobial peptides on infectious disease susceptibility and natural resistance has been reported. In some cases, susceptibility to diseases is related to antimicrobial peptide polymorphisms and gene copy numbers, but for the vast majority of infectious diseases, these phenomena need to be elucidated. This review is focused on the current knowledge about susceptibility and resistance conferred by genetic variations in antimicrobial peptide expression in infectious diseases.

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Section: Gastrointestinal Infectious Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Susceptibility to Infectious Diseases Based on Antimicrobial Peptide Production

2009

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“…Thus, HDPs appear to represent an important link between innate and acquired immunity and are potent immune modulators and adjuvants for vaccines (7). Beta-defensins, cationic peptides with broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity, are widely expressed in the skin and the mucosal surfaces of airways, the digestive tract, and the urogenital tract (16,26,27,53,54). They are either constitutively expressed or induced by bacterial products or proinflammatory cytokines.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Host Defense Peptide Beta-Defensin 1 Confers Protection against Bordetella pertussis in Newborn Piglets

et al. 2006

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Innate immunity plays an important role in protection against respiratory infections in humans and animals. Host defense peptides such as beta-defensins represent major components of innate immunity. We recently developed a novel porcine model of pertussis, an important respiratory disease of young children and infants worldwide. Here, we investigated the role of porcine beta-defensin 1 (pBD-1), a porcine defensin homologue of human beta-defensin 2, in conferring protection against respiratory infection with Bordetella pertussis. In this model, newborn piglets were fully susceptible to infection and developed severe bronchopneumonia. In contrast, piglets older than 4 weeks of age were protected against infection with B. pertussis. Protection was associated with the expression of pBD-1 in the upper respiratory tract. In fact, pBD-1 expression was developmentally regulated, and the absence of pBD-1 was thought to contribute to the increased susceptibility of newborn piglets to infection with B. pertussis. Bronchoalveolar lavage specimens collected from older animals as well as chemically synthesized pBD-1 displayed strong antimicrobial activity against B. pertussis in vitro. Furthermore, in vivo treatment of newborn piglets with only 500 g pBD-1 at the time of challenge conferred protection against infection with B. pertussis. Interestingly, pBD-1 displayed no bactericidal activity in vitro against Bordetella bronchiseptica, a closely related natural pathogen of pigs. Our results demonstrate that host defense peptides play an important role in protection against pertussis and are essential in modulating innate immune responses against respiratory infections.

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“…hBD-2 is not constitutively expressed, but is induced by an infection or by proinflammatory stimuli (O'Neil et al, 1999). hBD-3 and -4 are inducible and particularly expressed in crypt regions (Fahlgren et al, 2004). Defensins can also act as chemotactic agents for immune cells in a similar way to that described for the skin.…”

Section: Defensinsmentioning

confidence: 85%