IBX/KI Promoted Synthesis of 2,5-Disubstituted 1,3,4-Oxadiazoles

Synthesis of Thiazolium-Labeled 1,3,4-Oxadiazole Thioethers as Prospective Antimicrobials: In Vitro and in Vivo Bioactivity and Mechanism of Action

“…Meanwhile, 1,3,4-oxadiazole skeleton that acts as another versatile building block has been extensively studied and developed for its dramatic behavior in reforming the bioactivity. − It can serve as a desirable surrogate for carboxylic acids, esters, and amides, which are always accompanied by augmented biological silhouettes. − A certain amount of designed frameworks owning 1,3,4-oxadiazole moieties are in the commercialization stage or have been launched into the market. For example, zibotentan (anticancer agent) and furamizole (antibiotic agent) are in the late stage of clinical trials, whereas raltegravir and fenadiazole that serve as antiretroviral and hypnotic drugs, respectively, have been successfully exploited to manage human immunodeficiency virus infection and insomnia. In our previous works, we demonstrated that 1,3,4-oxadiazole thioether/sulfoxide/sulfone derivatives possess superior bioactivities against plant bacterial diseases; two sulfone candidates (5-(4-fluorophenyl or 2,4-dichlorophenyl)-2-(methylsulfonyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazole) are in the novel pesticide registration stage. , Such diverse range of applications motivate us to explore and develop 1,3,4-oxadiazole-labeled derivatives as prospective antimicrobial surrogates.…”

“…31−33 A certain amount of designed frameworks owning 1,3,4oxadiazole moieties are in the commercialization stage or have been launched into the market. For example, zibotentan 34 (anticancer agent) and furamizole 35 (antibiotic agent) are in the late stage of clinical trials, whereas raltegravir 36 and fenadiazole 37 that serve as antiretroviral and hypnotic drugs, respectively, have been successfully exploited to manage human immunodeficiency virus infection and insomnia. In our previous works, we demonstrated that 1,3,4-oxadiazole thioether/sulfoxide/sulfone derivatives possess superior bioactivities against plant bacterial diseases; two sulfone candidates (5-(4-fluorophenyl or 2,4-dichlorophenyl)-2-(methylsulfonyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazole) are in the novel pesticide registration stage.…”