“…These spiking neuron models have been incorporated into deep learning as spiking neural networks (SNNs), which have shown great potential in dealing with complex recognition and prediction tasks due to their rich temporal dynamics [22]. In addition, novel neuron models, such as the FitzHugh-Nagumo neuron model, which considers the spiking and bursting behaviors of a neuron, and the inter-layer collision neuron model, inspired by physical elastic collision scenes, have also been developed [23,24]. These third-generation neuronal models are still in the research field and are less well known outside academia, as they have not yet been commercially converted [25].…”