2016
DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2016.09.003
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ICE Concentration Linked with Extractive Stirrer (ICECLES)

Abstract: Trace and ultra-trace analysis can be difficult to achieve, especially for polar, more volatile, and/or thermally unstable analytes. A novel technique, coined ICE Concentration Linked with Extractive Stirrer (ICECLES), may help address this problem. The implementation of ICECLES described here combines stir bar sorptive extraction (SBSE) with freeze concentration (FC), where an aqueous solution is frozen during SBSE in order to concentrate analytes into a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) coated stir bar. Five test … Show more

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Cited by 34 publications
(12 citation statements)
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“…is combination led to a technique that preconcentrates and separates target compounds from matrix interferents at the same time. is technique does not need organic solvent if we use TD or only a small volume of organic solvent if we use backextracting, and it allows ultra-trace detection of a wide range of compounds in a liquid medium [66]. Coupling PAL system with design specific thermal units that provide both heating and cooling within the same block (− 80 °C to +250 °C with a ±0.1 °C), commercialized by Mècour (Grooveland, US), ICECLES can be completely automated.…”
Section: Nonexhaustive Microextraction Techniquesmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…is combination led to a technique that preconcentrates and separates target compounds from matrix interferents at the same time. is technique does not need organic solvent if we use TD or only a small volume of organic solvent if we use backextracting, and it allows ultra-trace detection of a wide range of compounds in a liquid medium [66]. Coupling PAL system with design specific thermal units that provide both heating and cooling within the same block (− 80 °C to +250 °C with a ±0.1 °C), commercialized by Mècour (Grooveland, US), ICECLES can be completely automated.…”
Section: Nonexhaustive Microextraction Techniquesmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…176 Later on, novel coating materials with improved analytical features were introduced, 177,178 although not all of them are commercially available. 174 Alternatively, novel working modes for simultaneous extraction of analytes with different polarity, such as multishot, 179 sequential extraction, 180 ice concentration linked with extractive stirrer (ICECLES), 181,182 or solvent-assisted SBSE; 183 and new SBSE configurations, such as dual-solvent SBSE, in which the organic phase was confined to a pair of hollow-fiber membranes fixed on a stir bar, 184 has been investigated. The feasibility of SBSE with in-situ and in-tube derivatización, as well as in-situ deconjugation has also been demonstrated and discussed in different recent review articles.…”
Section: Stir-bar Sorptive Extractionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Various procedures have been reported as effective methods for pollutants’ removal from wastewater such as reverse osmosis, distillation, ion-exchange, coagulation–flocculation, filtration, extraction and adsorption by nanoscale materials [ 5 , 6 , 7 ]. Recently, newly designed cost-effective, economic, nontoxic and productive nanoscale materials have been gained attention in various scientific areas such as the water treatment, drug delivery and solar energy conversion fields.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%