Ice hydrometeor profile retrieval algorithm for high frequency  microwave radiometers: application to the CoSSIR instrument during TC4

Evans, K. Franklin; Wang, J. R.; Starr, David Oc.; Heymsfield, Gerald M.; Li, L.; Tian, Lin; Lawson, R. Paul; Heymsfield, Andrew J.; Bansemer, A.

doi:10.5194/amtd-5-3117-2012

Cited by 14 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…The typical inverse problem in remote sensing is an ill-proposed problem. Many different ways have been reported in the literature to overcome this problem, for example optimal estimation (Rodgers and Connor, 2003), Monte Carlo integration in combination with Bayesian inference (Evans et al, 2012), or artificial NNs (Defer et al, 2008;Jiménez et al, 2007). We followed the latter approach and used NNs to retrieve the desired quantities.…”

Section: Retrieval Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Snow: we assume snowflakes behave similar to the aggregates from the Hong DDA database (Hong et al, 2009). The size distribution was calculated using the midlatitude version of the distribution from Field et al (2007). The mass-dimension relationship we used is…”

Section: Radiative Transfer Simulationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This approach also obviates the need for collocating data from different sensors, for example when using the SPARE-ICE product (Holl et al, 2014). However, regardless of the technique that is used, remote sensing of ice clouds is a difficult task because of the many factors that can influence the measurement (Evans et al, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Buehler et al (2012b) and Holl et al (2014) argued that this discrepancy is one of the reasons why there are large differences in the IWP estimates in climate models. In general, the term IWP is defined for the whole integrated ice bulk mass, for example in the work of Evans et al (2012) and Holl et al (2014). However, in this paper, henceforth, we distinguish between cloud ice, which consists mainly of ice particles with diameters < 100 µm, and snow, which consists mainly of ice particles with diameters > 100 µm.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Apart from ISMAR, another airborne radiometer that measures in a similar region of the electromagnetic spectrum is the Compact Scanning Submillimeter-wave Imaging Radiometer (CoSSIR). Evans et al (2012) used measurements from CoSSIR on board the ER-2 aircraft to estimate the IWP.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Retrieval of an ice water path over the ocean from ISMAR and MARSS millimeter and submillimeter brightness temperatures

Brath¹,

Fox

Eriksson

et al. 2018

Atmos. Meas. Tech.

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Abstract. A neural-network-based retrieval method to determine the snow ice water path (SIWP), liquid water path (LWP), and integrated water vapor (IWV) from millimeter and submillimeter brightness temperatures, measured by using airborne radiometers (ISMAR and MARSS), is presented. The neural networks were trained by using atmospheric profiles from the ICON numerical weather prediction (NWP) model and by radiative transfer simulations using the Atmospheric Radiative Transfer Simulator (ARTS). The basic performance of the retrieval method was analyzed in terms of offset (bias) and the median fractional error (MFE), and the benefit of using submillimeter channels was studied in comparison to pure microwave retrievals. The retrieval is offset-free for SIWP > 0.01 kg m to 30 % at LWP = 1 kg m −2 . The MFE of IWV for IWV > 3 kg m −2 is 5 to 8 %. The SIWP retrieval strongly benefits from submillimeter channels, which reduce the MFE by a factor of 2, compared to pure microwave retrievals. The IWV and the LWP retrievals also benefit from submillimeter channels, albeit to a lesser degree. The retrieval was applied to ISMAR and MARSS brightness temperatures from FAAM flight B897 on 18 March 2015 of a precipitating frontal system west of the coast of Iceland. Considering the given uncertainties, the retrieval is in reasonable agreement with the SIWP, LWP, and IWV values simulated by the ICON NWP model for that flight. A comparison of the retrieved IWV with IWV from 12 dropsonde measurements shows an offset of 0.5 kg m −2 and an RMS difference of 0.8 kg m −2 , showing that the retrieval of IWV is highly effective even under cloudy conditions.

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Section: Retrieval Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Radiative Transfer Simulationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Retrieval of an ice water path over the ocean from ISMAR and MARSS millimeter and submillimeter brightness temperatures

Brath¹,

Fox

Eriksson

et al. 2018

Atmos. Meas. Tech.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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SPARE‐ICE: Synergistic ice water path from passive operational sensors

et al. 2014

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This article presents SPARE-ICE, the Synergistic Passive Atmospheric Retrieval Experiment-ICE. SPARE-ICE is the first Ice Water Path (IWP) product combining infrared and microwave radiances. By using only passive operational sensors, the SPARE-ICE retrieval can be used to process data from at least the NOAA 15 to 19 and MetOp satellites, obtaining time series from 1998 onward. The retrieval is developed using collocations between passive operational sensors (solar, terrestrial infrared, microwave), the CloudSat radar, and the CALIPSO lidar. The collocations form a retrieval database matching measurements from passive sensors against the existing active combined radar-lidar product 2C-ICE. With this retrieval database, we train a pair of artificial neural networks to detect clouds and retrieve IWP. When considering solar, terrestrial infrared, and microwave-based measurements, we show that any combination of two techniques performs better than either single-technique retrieval. We choose not to include solar reflectances in SPARE-ICE, because the improvement is small, and so that SPARE-ICE can be retrieved both daytime and nighttime. The median fractional error between SPARE-ICE and 2C-ICE is around a factor 2, a figure similar to the random error between 2C-ICE ice water content (IWC) and in situ measurements. A comparison of SPARE-ICE with Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS), Pathfinder Atmospheric Extended (PATMOS-X), and Microwave Surface and Precipitation Products System (MSPPS) indicates that SPARE-ICE appears to perform well even in difficult conditions. SPARE-ICE is available for public use.

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A prototype precipitation retrieval algorithm over land using passive microwave observations stratified by surface condition and precipitation vertical structure

2015

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A prototype precipitation retrieval algorithm over land has been developed by utilizing 4 year National Mosaic and Multi-Sensor Quantitative Precipitation Estimation and Special Sensor Microwave Imager/Sounder coincident data sets. One of the unique features of this algorithm is using the ancillary parameters (i.e., surface type, surface temperature, land elevation, and ice layer thickness) to stratify the single database into many smaller but more homogeneous databases, in which both the surface condition and precipitation vertical structure are similar. It is found that the probability of detection (POD) increases about 8% and 12% by using stratified databases for rainfall and snowfall detection, respectively. In addition, by considering the relative humidity at lower troposphere and the vertical velocity at 700 hPa in the precipitation detection process, the POD for snowfall detection is further increased by 20.4% from 56.0% to 76.4%. The better result is evident in both ends of the retrieved rain rate when the stratified databases are used, especially when the rain rate is greater than 30 mm/h. Similarly, the retrieved snowfall rate using stratified databases also outperforms that using single database. The correlation between retrieved and observed rain rates from stratified databases is 0.63, while it is 0.42 using the single database. The root-mean-square error is reduced by 50.3% from 2.07 to 0.98 by using stratified databases. The retrieved snow rates from stratified database are also better correlated with observations and possess smaller root-mean-square error. Additionally, the precipitation overestimation from the single database over the western United States is largely mitigated when the stratified databases are utilized. It is further demonstrated that over the majority of the stratified databases, the relationship between precipitation rate and brightness temperature is much closer to that from the corresponding category in the validation databases, rather than that from the single database. Therefore, overall superior performance using the stratified databases for both the precipitation detection and retrieval is achieved.

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Ice hydrometeor profile retrieval algorithm for high frequency microwave radiometers: application to the CoSSIR instrument during TC4

Cited by 14 publications

References 48 publications

Retrieval of an ice water path over the ocean from ISMAR and MARSS millimeter and submillimeter brightness temperatures

Retrieval of an ice water path over the ocean from ISMAR and MARSS millimeter and submillimeter brightness temperatures

SPARE‐ICE: Synergistic ice water path from passive operational sensors

A prototype precipitation retrieval algorithm over land using passive microwave observations stratified by surface condition and precipitation vertical structure

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