Ice nucleating particles in the troposphere: Progresses, challenges and opportunities

Tang, Mingjin; Chen, Jie; Wu, Zhijun

doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2018.09.004

“…As a result, experimental measurements of pollen hygroscopicity at lower temperatures are warranted and would significantly help to better understand the transport of pollen grains in the troposphere. Since water vapor has to be adsorbed or condensed on ice-nucleating particles before heterogeneous ice nucleation can take place (Laaksonen et al, 2016), knowledge of hygroscopicity and water uptake at temperatures below 0 • C would provide fundamental insights into atmospheric ice nucleation, in which pollen grains may play an important role (Pratt et al, 2009;Prenni et al, 2009;Hoose et al, 2010;Pöschl et al, 2010;Murray et al, 2012;Creamean et al, 2013;Tang et al, 2018).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Water adsorption and hygroscopic growth of six anemophilous pollen species: the effect of temperature

Tang

¹

,

Gu

²

,

Ma

³

et al. 2019

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Abstract. Hygroscopicity largely affects environmental and climatic impacts of pollen grains, one important type of primary biological aerosol particles in the troposphere. However, our knowledge of pollen hygroscopicity is rather limited, and the effect of temperature in particular has rarely been explored before. In this work three different techniques, including a vapor sorption analyzer, diffusion reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy (DRIFTS) and transmission Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (transmission FTIR) were employed to characterize six anemophilous pollen species and to investigate their hygroscopic properties as a function of relative humidity (RH, up to 95 %) and temperature (5 or 15, 25 and 37 ∘C). Substantial mass increase due to water uptake was observed for all the six pollen species, and at 25 ∘C the relative mass increase at 90 % RH, when compared to that at <1 % RH, ranged from ∼30 % to ∼50 %, varying with pollen species. It was found that the modified κ-Köhler equation can well approximate mass hygroscopic growth of all the six pollen species, and the single hygroscopicity parameter (κ) was determined to be in the range of 0.034±0.001 to 0.061±0.007 at 25 ∘C. In situ DRIFTS measurements suggested that water adsorption by pollen species was mainly contributed to by OH groups of organic compounds they contained, and good correlations were indeed found between hygroscopicity of pollen species and the number of OH groups, as determined using transmission FTIR. An increase in temperature would in general lead to a decrease in hygroscopicity, except for pecan pollen. For example, κ values decreased from 0.073±0.006 at 5 ∘C to 0.061±0.007 at 25 ∘C and to 0.057±0.004 at 37 ∘C for Populus tremuloides pollen, and decreased from 0.060±0.001 at 15 ∘C to 0.054±0.001 at 25 ∘C and 0.050±0.002 at 37 ∘C for paper mulberry pollen.

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“…Atmospheric aerosols can affect global climate by scattering and absorbing solar radiation and acting as cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) and ice nuclei (IN) . Due to their complexity in chemical composition and transformation, aerosols represent one of the largest current sources of uncertainty in predictions of the future global climate .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Atmospheric aerosols can affect global climate by scattering and absorbing solar radiation and acting as cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) 1 and ice nuclei (IN). 2 Due to their complexity in chemical composition and transformation, aerosols represent one of the largest current sources of uncertainty in predictions of the future global climate. 3 Hygroscopic components in atmospheric aerosols can absorb water from the ambient atmosphere, which converts solid particles to aqueous droplets after deliquescence and induces the growth of particles.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Comprehensive Study about the Hygroscopic Behavior of Mixtures of Oxalic Acid and Nitrate Salts: Implication for the Occurrence of Atmospheric Metal Oxalate Complex

Ma

¹

,

Zhong

²

,

Liu

³

et al. 2019

ACS Earth Space Chem.

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The hygroscopic behavior of particles is important for assessing their environmental and climate effect. The hygroscopic behavior of individual particles has been widely investigated; however, the hygroscopic behavior of mixed particles is still not well-known. Although the Zdanovskii− Stokes−Robinson (ZSR) method could be applied to predict the hygroscopicity of some aerosol mixtures, it is invalid to describe the humidification process of mixed particles when chemical reactions take place. In the present study, the hygroscopic growth factors (GF) of individual oxalic acid (H 2 C 2 O 4 ), nitrate (Ca(NO 3 ) 2 , NaNO 3 , Zn(NO 3 ) 2 ), and the mixed H 2 C 2 O 4 /nitrate particles were measured using a hygroscopic tandem differential mobility analyzer (H-TDMA). The GFs of these mixtures are much smaller than those predicted by the ZSR method. The chemical composition of individual and mixed particles was characterized by Raman spectrometer. It was found that oxalate dominated the constituents of internal mixtures. Further comparison of the humidification of externally mixed oxalic acid and nitrate revealed that the solubility of oxalate plays a critical role in the replacement of nitrate by oxalate. These results could be helpful for understanding the occurrence of metal oxalate complex in the atmospheric aerosol.

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“…As a result, experimental measurements of pollen hygroscopicity at lower temperatures are warranted and would significantly help to better understand the transport of pollen grains in the troposphere. Since water vapor has to be adsorbed or condensed on ice-nucleating particles before heterogeneous ice nucleation can take place (Laaksonen et al, 2016), knowledge of hygroscopicity and water uptake at temperatures below 0 • C would provide fundamental insights into atmospheric ice nucleation, in which pollen grains may play an important role (Pratt et al, 2009;Prenni et al, 2009;Hoose et al, 2010;Pöschl et al, 2010;Murray et al, 2012;Creamean et al, 2013;Tang et al, 2018).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Tang¹

2019

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Ice nucleating particles in the troposphere: Progresses, challenges and opportunities

Cited by 12 publications

References 30 publications

Water adsorption and hygroscopic growth of six anemophilous pollen species: the effect of temperature

Water adsorption and hygroscopic growth of six anemophilous pollen species: the effect of temperature

A Comprehensive Study about the Hygroscopic Behavior of Mixtures of Oxalic Acid and Nitrate Salts: Implication for the Occurrence of Atmospheric Metal Oxalate Complex

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