Iceberg Lettuce Production in California

Turini, T. A.; Cahn, Michael; Cantwell, Marita; Jackson, Louise E.; Koike, Steve; Natwick, Eric T.; Smith, Richard; Subbarao, Krishna V.; Takele, Etaferahu

doi:10.3733/ucanr.7215

Cited by 34 publications

(23 citation statements)

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“…However, under high-temperature cultivation conditions, such as those found in midsummer in Japan, 'Salinas' is categorized as an early-bolting type. In midsummer cultivation, the period from seeding to harvest lasts 70-80 days in the United States 7 , whereas in Japan, it lasts 50-65 days at 30°C. Jenni et al also pointed out that the Salinas type cultivars exhibited early bolting (longer stems) under long days and warm growing conditions 4 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A CIN-like TCP transcription factor (LsTCP4) having retrotransposon insertion associates with a shift from Salinas type to Empire type in crisphead lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.)

et al. 2020

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To improve several agronomic traits in crisphead lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) under high-temperature growth conditions, we investigated the correlation among those traits in multiple cultivars and performed genetic mapping of their causal genes. In a field cultivation test of Empire type (serrated leaf) and Salinas type (wavy leaf) cultivars, Empire type cultivars showed increased tipburn susceptibility and late bolting compared with Salinas type cultivars. We attempted genetic mapping of leaf shape and bolting time by ddRAD-seq using the F 2 population derived from a cross between 'VI185' (Empire type) and 'ShinanoGreen' (Salinas type). These analyses suggested that both traits are controlled by a single locus in LG5. Genotyping of 51 commercial lettuce cultivars with a tightly linked marker (LG5_v8_252.743Mbp) at this locus showed an association between its genotype and the serrated leaf phenotype. By further fine mapping and transcriptome analysis, a gene encoding putative CIN-like TCP transcription factor was determined to be a candidate gene at this locus and was designated as LsTCP4. An insertion of retrotransposable element was found in the allele of 'VI185', and its transcript level in the leaves was lower than that in 'ShinanoGreen'. Because shapes of leaf epidermal cells in 'VI185' were similar to those in the TCP family mutant of Arabidopsis thaliana, the leaf shape phenotype was likely caused by reduced expression of LsTCP4. Furthermore, because it is known that the TCP family protein also controls flowering time via interaction with FT in A. thaliana, it was highly possible that LsTCP4 gave pleiotropic effects on both leaf shape and bolting time in lettuce.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A CIN-like TCP transcription factor (LsTCP4) having retrotransposon insertion associates with a shift from Salinas type to Empire type in crisphead lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.)

et al. 2020

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“…Condições meteorológicas pouco favoráveis, como baixas temperaturas (inferiores a 10 °C) e chuvas prolongadas retardam o seu crescimento e podem danificar as plantas. Por outro lado, elevadas temperaturas do ar (acima de 20 °C) e intensa radiação solar favorecem o pendoamento precoce das plantas, podendo provocar queima das bordas das folhas externas, formar cabeças pouco compactas e também contribuir para a ocorrência de deficiência de cálcio conhecida como "tipburn" (Turini et al, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Produção de cultivares de alface americana sob dois sistemas de cultivo

Brzezinski

Abati

Geller³

et al. 2017

Rev. Ceres

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Produção de cultivares de alface americana sob dois sistemas de cultivoA alface é cultivada em todas as regiões brasileiras, porém há restrições ao seu cultivo em virtude de sua sensibilidade às condições adversas de temperatura, umidade do ar e disponibilidade de água. Diante disso, objetivou-se, com este experimento, avaliar a produção de quatro cultivares de alface americana, sob dois sistemas de cultivo. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o de blocos ao acaso, em esquema de parcelas subdivididas. As parcelas foram constituídas por dois sistemas de cultivo (túnel baixo de polietileno e campo aberto), e, as subparcelas por quatro cultivares de alface americana (Angelina, Rubette, Grandes Lagos 659 e Tainá), com quatro repetições. As características avaliadas foram: altura de plantas, diâmetro total da planta, diâmetro transversal da cabeça, comprimento de caule, diâmetro de caule, massa de matéria fresca de caule, número de folhas comerciais e não comerciais, massa de matéria fresca comercial e não comercial. Foi realizada análise de variância e as médias foram comparadas pelo teste de Tukey. O túnel baixo favorece o crescimento e a produção de cultivares de alface americana, em relação ao campo aberto. O cultivar Rubette mostra crescimento e produção superiores aos demais cultivares avaliados, nos dois sistemas de cultivo. Palavras Production of iceberg lettuce cultivars under two cropping systemsThe lettuce is grown in all regions of Brazil; however, there are restrictions on its cultivation due to its sensitivity to the adverse conditions of temperature, humidity, and water availability. In this context, the aim of this study was to evaluate the production of four lettuce cultivars under two cropping systems. The experimental design was randomized blocks in a split-plot scheme. The plots consisted of two cropping systems (low polyethylene tunnel and open field) and the sub plots of four lettuce cultivars (Angelina, Rubette, Grandes Lagos 659, and Tainá) with four replications. The characteristics evaluated were: plant height, overall diameter of the plant, transverse head diameter, stem length, stem diameter, stem fresh weight, number of commercial and non-commercial leaves, and commercial and non-commercial fresh weight. Analysis of variance was performed and means were compared by Tukey test. The low tunnel favors the growth and production of lettuce cultivars in relation to open field. Cultivar Rubette shows growth and production superior to the other cultivars in both cropping systems.

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“…The induction of the synthesis of heat shock proteins, inhibiting the synthesis of other proteins, occurs at exposure to temperatures from about 10°C above the normal growing temperature (Saltveit, ). As the optimal growing temperature for Iceberg lettuce is 23°C during the day (Turini et al, ), it is hypothesized that a heat treatment at 30°C (60 s) might be not high enough to elicit a protective response in the plant tissue.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of mild heat treatment on browning‐related parameters in fresh‐cut Iceberg lettuce

Abeele

Sampers

2019

J Food Biochem

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Enzymatic browning of Iceberg lettuce was studied by subjecting midrib tissues to a series of mild heat treatments. The effects of wounding and subsequent application of a mild heat treatment were examined by monitoring the browning potential (BP) and the activity of three browning‐related enzymes (i.e., phenylalanine ammonia lyase [PAL], polyphenol oxidase [PPO], and peroxidase [POD]) during refrigerated storage up to 10 days. Efficient inhibition of browning was achieved by treatment at 50°C for 60 s. The wound‐induced increase of the BP and the activity of PAL and POD was effectively suppressed, maintaining their values at initial levels up to 7 days of storage. PPO activity, on the contrary, remained unchanged after wounding, whether or not followed by heat treatment. BP, PAL activity and POD were found to be strongly correlated, whereas meaningful associations for PPO with the other parameters could not be established. Practical applications In an attempt to answer to the growing demand in the fresh‐cut produce industry to control browning, heat treatment was investigated as interesting alternative to chemical preservation methods. Efficient control of enzymatic browning in fresh‐cut Iceberg lettuce could be achieved by heat treatment at 50°C for 60 s. Experimental data are provided showing the effects of wounding and subsequent heat treatment on visual browning, the BP and the activity of PAL, PPO, and POD during refrigerated storage up to 10 days. Using this data, correlations were found for BP, PAL activity, and POD activity, but not for PPO. Although undesired side effects of heat treatment (e.g., tissue softening) cannot be excluded, the obtained information might be useful for further research, serving as a baseline for wound‐induced effects on browning‐related parameters in fresh‐cut lettuce and possible mechanisms of action of inhibitory treatments.

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Iceberg Lettuce Production in California

Abstract: The major production areas for iceberg (crisphead) lettuce (Lactuca sativa) in California are the Central Coast

Cited by 34 publications

References 0 publications

A CIN-like TCP transcription factor (LsTCP4) having retrotransposon insertion associates with a shift from Salinas type to Empire type in crisphead lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.)

A CIN-like TCP transcription factor (LsTCP4) having retrotransposon insertion associates with a shift from Salinas type to Empire type in crisphead lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.)

Produção de cultivares de alface americana sob dois sistemas de cultivo

Effect of mild heat treatment on browning‐related parameters in fresh‐cut Iceberg lettuce

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