Icone15-10493 Pre Design of a Molten Salt Thorium Reactor Loop

Caire, Jean-Pierre; Roure, Anthony

doi:10.1299/jsmeicone.2007.15._icone1510_263

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…The operating speed of the CuCl molten salt is assumed to be 3 m/s for baffled jacket. These values are within the range of molten salt nuclear reactors reported [41][42].…”

Section: Heat Transfer Calculations Of the Oxygen Reactor Systemsupporting

confidence: 82%

Heat Transfer Analysis of the Spiral Baffled Jacketed Multiphase Oxygen Reactor in the Hydrogen Production Cu-Cl Cycle

Abdulrahman¹

2022

International Conference on Fluid Flow, Heat and Mass Transfer

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In this paper, the heat transfer analysis of the three-phase oxygen reactor with a spiral baffled jacketed reactor are performed. The required number of oxygen reactors is analysed to provide enough heat input for different hydrogen production rates. Two types of fluids, which are helium gas and molten CuCl, are investigated to transfer heat from the jacket side to the process side of the oxygen reactor. In the analysis, the Cu-Cl cycle is assumed to be driven by a nuclear reactor where two types of nuclear reactors are examined as the heat source to the oxygen reactor. These types are the CANDU Super Critical Water Reactor (CANDU-SCWR) and High Temperature Gas Reactor (HTGR). In this paper, it was found that the dominant contribution to the thermal resistance of the jacketed oxygen reactor system was from the reactor wall, where heat transfer occurred by conduction only. This contribution is about 80% of the total thermal resistance. It was also shown that a better heat transfer rate is required for SCWR than that for HTGR. Moreover, from the study of the fluid types that can be used in the service side, it was recommended to use helium gas instead of molten CuCl as a heating fluid in the jacket. Finally, it was found that the size of the oxygen reactor must be specified from the heat balance studies rather than material balance.

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“…The operating speed of the CuCl molten salt is assumed to be 3 m/s for baffled jacket. These values are within the range of molten salt nuclear reactors reported [41][42].…”

Section: Heat Transfer Calculations Of the Oxygen Reactor Systemsupporting

confidence: 82%

Heat Transfer Analysis of the Spiral Baffled Jacketed Multiphase Oxygen Reactor in the Hydrogen Production Cu-Cl Cycle

Abdulrahman¹

2022

International Conference on Fluid Flow, Heat and Mass Transfer

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“…The operating speed of the CuCl molten salt is assumed to be 3 m/s for baffled jacket. These values are within the range of molten salt nuclear reactors reported (Huntley & Silverman, 1976;Caire & Roure, 2007).…”

Section: Heat Transfer Calculations Of the Oxygen Reactor Systemsupporting

confidence: 78%

THERMAL EFFICIENCY IN HYDROGEN PRODUCTION: ANALYSING SPIRAL BAFFLED JACKETED REACTORS IN THE Cu-Cl CYCLE

Abdulrahman

2024

JER

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This study conducts a heat transfer analysis on a three-phase oxygen reactor equipped with a spiral baffled jacket, assessing the number of reactors needed to achieve various hydrogen production rates through enough heat input. It explores the efficiency of helium gas and molten CuCl in transferring heat from the jacket to the process side of the reactor. Considering a nuclear reactor as the primary heat source for the Cu-Cl cycle, the analysis focuses on two nuclear reactor types: the CANDU Super Critical Water Reactor (CANDU-SCWR) and the High Temperature Gas Reactor (HTGR). Findings indicate that the major thermal resistance in the jacketed oxygen reactor system stems from the reactor wall, contributing approximately 80% to the total thermal resistance due to conduction. The study suggests that the SCWR requires a higher heat transfer rate compared to the HTGR. In terms of fluid choice for the jacket's service side, helium gas is recommended over molten CuCl for better heating efficiency. Furthermore, the analysis concludes that determining the oxygen reactor's size should be based on heat balance calculations, rather than material balance considerations.

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“…A cross-sectional view of the electrolyser through the middle of each compartment provides a better indication of the temperature rise versus height. Figure 9 shows a temperature evolution in both electrolyser compartments comparable to that observed in the cold and hot compartments of a plate-type heat exchanger with a counter current fluid evolution [28]. Here, the temperature increases by 4 K between the coldest point (liquid inlets) and the hottest (anolyte outlet).…”

Section: Results Of Heat Transfer and Fluid Mechanics Computationsmentioning

confidence: 67%

Hydrogen filter press electrolyser modelled by coupling Fluent ® and Flux Expert ® codes

Jomard¹,

Feraud²,

Morandini³

et al. 2007

J Appl Electrochem

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Mass production of hydrogen is a major issue for the coming decades particularly to decrease greenhouse gas production. The development of fourth-generation high-temperature nuclear reactors has led to renewed interest for hydrogen production. In France, the CEA is investigating new processes using nuclear reactors, such as the Westinghouse hybrid cycle. A recent study was devoted to electrical modeling of the hydrogen electrolyzer, which is the key unit of this process. In this electrochemical reactor, hydrogen is reduced at the cathode and SO 2 is oxidized at the anode with the advantage of a very low voltage cell. This paper describes an improved model coupling the electrical and thermal phenomena with hydrodynamics in the electrolyzer, designed for a priori computational optimization of our future pilot cell. The hydrogen electrolyzer chosen here is a filter press design comprising a stack of identical cathode and anode compartments separated by a membrane. In a complex reactor of this type the main coupled physical phenomena involved are forced convection of the electrolyte flows, the plume of evolving hydrogen bubbles that modifies the local electrolyte conductivity, and all the irreversible processes that contribute to local overheating (Joule effect, overpotentials, etc.). The secondary current distribution was modeled with a commercial FEM code, Flux Expert 1 , which was customized with specific finite interfacial elements capable of describing the potential discontinuity associated with the electrochemical overpotential. Since the finite element method is not capable of properly describing the complex two-phase flows in the cathode compartment, the Fluent 1 CFD code was used for thermohydraulic computations. In this way each physical phenomenon was modeled using the best numerical method. The coupling implements an iterative process in which each code computes the physical data it has to transmit to the other one: the two-phase thermohydraulic problem is solved by Fluent 1 using the Flux-Expert 1 current density and heat sources; the secondary distribution and heat losses are solved by FluxExpert 1 using the Fluent 1 temperature field and flow velocities. A set of dedicated library routines was developed for process initiation, message passing, and synchronization of the two codes. The first results obtained with the two coupled commercial codes give realistic distributions for the electrical current density, gas fraction, and velocity in the electrolyzer. This approach allows us to optimize the design of a future experimental device. Notation CpHeat capacity (J kg -1 K -1 ) gGravitational acceleration (m s -2 ) J Current density (A m -2 ) Current density normal to the interface (A m -2 ) kThermal conductivity (W m -1 K -1 ) ñNormal vector NBN Number of integration points Q S Surface heat sources (W m -2 )Nanometric discontinuity thickness of potential (m) d S Dirac surface distribution e g Gas fraction qDensity (kg m -3 ) gOverpotential (V) rViscous stress tensor (Pa) rElectrical conductivity (X -1 m -...

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Icone15-10493 Pre Design of a Molten Salt Thorium Reactor Loop

Cited by 4 publications

References 1 publication

Heat Transfer Analysis of the Spiral Baffled Jacketed Multiphase Oxygen Reactor in the Hydrogen Production Cu-Cl Cycle

Heat Transfer Analysis of the Spiral Baffled Jacketed Multiphase Oxygen Reactor in the Hydrogen Production Cu-Cl Cycle

THERMAL EFFICIENCY IN HYDROGEN PRODUCTION: ANALYSING SPIRAL BAFFLED JACKETED REACTORS IN THE Cu-Cl CYCLE

Hydrogen filter press electrolyser modelled by coupling Fluent ® and Flux Expert ® codes

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