Id2 Is Required for Specification of Dopaminergic Neurons during Adult Olfactory Neurogenesis

Abstract

Understanding the biology of adult neural stem cells has important implications for nervous system development and may contribute to our understanding of neurodegenerative disorders and their treatment. We have characterized the process of olfactory neurogenesis in adult mice lacking inhibitor of DNA binding 2). We found a diminished olfactory bulb containing reduced numbers of granular and periglomerular neurons with a distinct paucity of dopaminergic periglomerular neurons. While no deficiency of the stem cell compartment was detectable, migrating neuroblasts in Id2 Ϫ/Ϫ mutant mice prematurely undergo astroglial differentiation within a disorganized rostral migratory stream. Further, when evaluated in vitro loss of Id2 results in decreased proliferation of neural progenitors and decreased expression of the Hes1 and Ascl1 (Mash1) transcription factors, known mediators of neuronal differentiation. These data support a novel role for sustained Id2 expression in migrating neural progenitors mediating olfactory dopaminergic neuronal differentiation in adult animals.

Inhibitor of DNA binding-4 promotes angiogenesis and growth of glioblastoma multiforme by elevating matrix GLA levels

“…RNA and cDNA preparation RNA was isolated as described earlier (Havrda et al, 2008). The cDNA was generated using iScript cDNA Synthesis kit (Bio-Rad, Hercules, CA, USA) as per manufacturer's instructions.…”

“…The cDNA was generated using iScript cDNA Synthesis kit (Bio-Rad, Hercules, CA, USA) as per manufacturer's instructions. (Havrda et al, 2008). This primary antibody was replaced by a pre-immune serum in controls.…”

Expression of ventral diencephalon‐enriched genes in zebrafish

“…Indeed, recent studies have shown that Id2 is required for specification of DA neurons during adult olfactory neurogenesis. Sustained Id2 expression mediates olfactory DA neuronal differentiation in migrating neural progenitors in adult animals (Havrda et al, 2008).…”

Neuronal Per Arnt Sim (PAS) Domain Protein 4 (NPAS4) Regulates Neurite Outgrowth and Phosphorylation of Synapsin I

“…The basic helix-loop-helix family has been studied for its important roles in various physiological and pathophysiological processes, including as transcription factors, in the regulation of neuronal differentiation and even in psychiatric disorders (1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6). Neuronal Per Arnt Sim domain protein (NPAS) is a member of the basic helix-loop-helix family, which is categorized as Npas1, Npas2, Npas3, and Npas4 (7)(8)(9).…”