iDEM: An impulse‐based discrete element method for fast granular dynamics

Lee, Seung Jae; Hashash, Youssef M. A.

doi:10.1002/nme.4923

Cited by 28 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…Having Equations (14), (17), and (18), the impulse between two particles J t can be determined based on Equation (13).…”

Section: Impulse-based Dynamicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recent research efforts have been made to use high‐performance computing resources to perform large‐scale DEM simulations. However, these machines are generally not accessible to many researchers and practitioners.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, computer engineers developed physics engines to perform such simulations. For example, in Angry Birds, collisions among birds, pigs, and blocks are simulated by a physics engine, Box 2D physics engine .…”

Section: Introduce To Physics Engine Techniques and Physxmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Simulations of realistic granular soils in oedometer tests using physics engine

Zheng

2020

Num Anal Meth Geomechanics

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Summary Discrete element method (DEM) has become a preeminent numerical tool for investigating the mechanical behavior of granular soils. However, traditional DEM uses sphere clusters to approximate realistic particles, which is computationally demanding when simulating many particles. This paper demonstrates the potential of using a physics engine technique to simulate realistic particles. The physics engines are originally developed for video games for simulating physical and mechanical processes that occur in the real world to produce realistic game experiences. The simulation accuracy and efficiency of physics engines have been significantly improved in the last two decades allowing them to be used as a scientific tool in many disciplines. This paper introduces modeling methodologies of physics engine including realistic particle representation and the contact model. Then, oedometer tests are simulated using realistic particles scanned by X‐ray computed tomography (X‐ray CT). The simulation results agree well with experimental results. This paper demonstrates that physics engines can output contact parameters for geotechnical analysis and force chains for visualization.

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“…Having Equations (14), (17), and (18), the impulse between two particles J t can be determined based on Equation (13).…”

Section: Impulse-based Dynamicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Simulations of realistic granular soils in oedometer tests using physics engine

Zheng

2020

Num Anal Meth Geomechanics

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“…Families of numerical models to study granular flows include: Continuum‐based approaches such as two‐fluid, level‐set, particle finite element or material point methods; Cellular automata; Monte‐Carlo methods; Discrete element methods (DEM) such as soft‐sphere, impulse‐based (iDEM), extended (XDEM), non‐smooth (NDEM), or coarse‐grained (CGDEM) discrete element methods; and Hybrid methods such as the combined finite‐discrete element method …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Discrete element methods (DEM) such as soft‐sphere, impulse‐based (iDEM), extended (XDEM), non‐smooth (NDEM), or coarse‐grained (CGDEM) discrete element methods; and…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Methods in Chemical Engineering: Discrete Element Method—DEM

et al. 2019

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The discrete element method (DEM) is a time-driven simulation technique based on a Lagrangian description of particle motion that predicts the flow of granular matter and fine powders in conveying, mixing, drying, and heterogeneous gas-(liquid)-solids reactors. Powders flowing out of bins form bridges, they segregate in suboptimal pharmaceutical v-blenders, and a stream may split into large gulf streams as they enter fluidized bed reactors from standpipes and diplegs. To reduce the uncertainty in scaling up these and other powder process unit operations, researchers apply DEM. It integrates Newton's second law (acceleration equals the sum of the forces) for each particle and models contacts between the particles with springs and dashpots (dampers). It is computationally intensive since it calculates the trajectory of all particles. The availability of open source codes, commercial software, and parallel computer architectures has accelerated its adoption in pharmaceutical, agro-industrial, and mineral processes, and geophysics. The accuracy of DEM models depends on how well researchers calibrate the contact model expressions and their parameters: friction coefficients and the coefficient of restitution. Systems exceeding 1 × 10 8 particles can require weeks of computational time on large computer clusters. Current research targets non-spherical particle interactions and multiphysics problems including heat transfer, mass transfer, and chemical reactions within the particles. The field has grown to 750 indexed articles in WoS in 2017. A bibliographic analysis recognized four research clusters: granular materials, behaviour, particle shape, and deformation; flows, fluidized beds, and computational fluid dynamics; particles, impact, and validation; and granular flow, dynamics, and segregation.

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General friction law for velocity‐stress dependent phase transition in granular flow

Wang

Evans

et al. 2022

Num Anal Meth Geomechanics

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Plane shear flow is an important configuration for granular materials. We study the variation of states in plane shear flow, that is, the jam‐flow, slip‐flow, and flow states, in particular the velocities, kinetic energy, contact numbers, and force chains. An open‐source physics‐engine system (BLENDER‐REATICLE) is adopted in this study, which is developed based on the impulse‐based dynamics with the 3D creation suite Blender and the physics engine Bullet. The particles are assumed to be rigid bodies and the elastic energy and gravitational potential energy are neglected in the plane shear flow without gravity. In the phase transition diagram with axial normal stress, shear stress, and solid fraction, the critical‐jamming solid fraction and the critical shear stress are found to increase with the normal stress. We show further that a common power law with the exponent of 0.5 captures well the distributions of particles with low energy. This power law indicates the existence of ergodicity in small‐energy transformation. Moreover, we present a general friction law where the relationships between the effective friction coefficients and the inertial number obey a zero‐order infinitesimal function in the vicinity of the point with Iboundary = 0.

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iDEM: An impulse‐based discrete element method for fast granular dynamics

Cited by 28 publications

References 46 publications

Simulations of realistic granular soils in oedometer tests using physics engine

Simulations of realistic granular soils in oedometer tests using physics engine

Experimental Methods in Chemical Engineering: Discrete Element Method—DEM

General friction law for velocity‐stress dependent phase transition in granular flow

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