Identificación de especies de árboles en peligro o amenazadas de Costa Rica basada en la anatomía de la madera y fluorescencia

Abstract

Identificación de especies de árboles en peligro o amenazadas de Costa Rica basada en la anatomía de la madera y fluorescencia. A total of 45 native Costa Rican tree species are threatened or in danger of extinction, but the Convention on International Trade Endangered Species (CITES) includes only eight of these in its Appendices. However, the identification of other species based on their wood anatomy is limited. The present study objective was to describe and to compare wood anatomy and fluorescence activity in some endangered or threatened species of Costa Rica. A total of 45 (22 endangered and 23 threatened with extinction) wood samples of these species, from the xylaria of the Instituto Tecnológico de Costa Rica and the Forest Products Laboratory in Madison, Wisconsin, were examined. Surface fluorescence was positive in eight species, water extract fluorescence was positive in six species and ethanol extract fluorescence was positive in 24 species. Almost all species were diffuse porous except for occasional (Cedrela odorata, C. fissilis, Cordia gerascanthus) or regular (C. salvadorensis and C. tonduzii) semi-ring porosity. A dendritic vessel arrangement was found in Sideroxylon capari, and pores were solitary in Guaiacum sanctum and Vantanea barbourii. Vessel element length was shortest in Guaiacum sanctum and longest in Humiriastrum guianensis, Minquartia guianensis and Vantanea barbourii. Finally, anatomical information and fluorescence activity were utilized to construct an identification key of species, in which fluorescence is a feature used in identification. Rev. Biol.

Flooring characteristics of thermo-mechanical densified wood from three hardwood tropical species in Costa Rica

“…Office of Inter-American Affairs 1943). Currently, however, the woods commonly used for flooring are banned, listed as endangered, or threatened (Moya et al 2013). As a result, prices of these woods are high, which promotes the importation of woods or wood-based products to satisfy the demand of this sector (Serrano and Moya 2011).…”

Análisis de la distribución de Cedrela salvadorensis Standl. (Meliaceae) e implicaciones para su conservación

“…Es un árbol con importancia ecológica (captura de carbono), presenta actividades biológicas (insecticida, Jiménez et al 1997;inhibición de malezas, Céspedes et al 2001) y tiene uso medicinal (Segura et al 1994, Ficker et al 2003. Conjuntamente, es ampliamente utilizada como una especie maderable, por sus características similares al cedro (C. odorata; Aguilar et al 2001, Moya et al 2013.…”

Effect of thermo-hydro-mechanical densification on the wood properties of three short-rotation forest species in Costa Rica

“…However, unlike densification by mechanical compression, chemical impregnation affects the natural and sustainable character of the wood, and is usually more expensive (Navi and Heger 2004). Mechanical compression combined with steam and heat, called thermo-hydro-mechanical (THM) densification, has been studied as an environmentally friendly alternative to increase the wood density and improve its mechanical properties, achieving enhanced dimensional stability without using chemical products (Bekhta et al 2009;Büyüksari et al 2012;Arruda and Del Menezzi 2013;Candan et al 2013;Moya et al 2013;Tu et al 2014).…”