Identification and antioxidant activity of Ammi visnaga L. polyphenols from the Middle Atlas in Morocco

Abstract

<p>In this work, we are interested in both the study of the phenolic compounds and the evaluation of the antioxidant properties of the extracts of <em>Ammi visnaga L. </em>collected from the Middle Atlas in Morocco. Phytochemical screening was carried out to highlight the qualitative composition of the secondary metabolites contained in this plant. Also, the extraction of total polyphenols was carried out by maceration using hydromethanolic and hydroacetonic mixtures. Then, the fractionation of the crude extracts was conducted by liquid-liquid extraction using successively two organic solvents with different polarities: ethyl acetate and n-butanol. The polyphenols contents were spectrophotometrically estimated using the Folin-Ciocalteau method. It showed that the ethyl acetate fraction is more abundant in phenolic compounds than the other fractions. The qualitative analysis was performed by high-pressure liquid chromatography with U.V. and electrospray ionization coupled to mass spectrometry (HPLC/UV-ESI-MS), which confirmed the richness of this species in polyphenols and particularly in flavonoids, especially by the identification of kaempferol, rhamnetin, biochanin A, ammiol. These molecules belong to flavones, flavonols, and furochromones, which are also identified both in the form of genin and of heteroside.<strong> </strong>The antioxidant activity of the different fractions was evaluated by diphenyl-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH<sup>●</sup>). The IC<sub>50</sub> is equal to 12.87 μg / mL for the ethyl acetate fraction, against 8.8 μg / mL for ascorbic acid and 10.8 μg / mL for BHA which are used as reference compounds.</p>

Chemical Composition and Antioxidant Activity of Ammi visnaga L. Essential Oil

“…Our results revealed a lower or a relatively low content of total phenols, flavonoids, and condensed tannins (TPC = 7.26 ± 1.68 mg GAE/g extract; TFC = 5.82 ± 0.79 mg QE/g extract; CT = 15.08 ± 1.76 mg CE/g extract). El Karkouri et al recently analyzed the same Moroccan species, and reported similar values to ours (of 7.16 mg GAE/g) for the crude extract obtained by Soxhlet extraction in methanol 70%, and lower values for the crude extract obtained by hydro-acetone, hydro-methanol, and Soxhlet extraction in ethanol [46]. Conversely, other studies analyzing the composition of the ethanolic and methanolic extracts of A. visnaga L. have reported higher TP, TF, and CT contents comparatively with our results, although this may partially be caused by the differences between extracts and essential oil [47,48].…”

Chemical Composition, Antioxidant, Anticancer, and Antibacterial Activities of Roots and Seeds of Ammi visnaga L. Methanol Extract

“…According to a recent study conducted by El Karkouri et al in 2020, the crude extract of A. visnaga L. polyphenols obtained from Morocco’s Middle Atlas using Soxhlet extraction with 70% methanol yielded a content of 7.16 mg GAE per gram of phenolic components. This finding provides specific information on the phenolic content of the crude extract derived from A. visnaga L. in the mentioned geographical region, highlighting its potential phenolic composition and content [ 56 ]. The findings suggest the efficacy of alcoholic solvents for phenolic compound extraction, promoting safe human consumption [ 57 , 58 ].…”

تأثير نبات الخلة البلدية على الفئران المصابة بفرط اوکسالات البول

“…A decoction prepared from the fruits of the A. visnaga had the ability to reduce blood glucose level by 51% in normoglycemic rats, compared to an oral hypoglycaemic agent (khalil et al,2020). The aqueous extract of A. visnaga possess significant hypoglycemic effect in both normal and STZ diabetic rats (El Karkouri et al,2020). Data in Table ( 7) serum protein fractions (T.protein, albumin & globulin) of all experimental groups.…”