2014
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0102746
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Identification and Characterisation of Aedes aegypti Aldehyde Dehydrogenases Involved in Pyrethroid Metabolism

Abstract: BackgroundPyrethroid insecticides, especially permethrin and deltamethrin, have been used extensively worldwide for mosquito control. However, insecticide resistance can spread through a population very rapidly under strong selection pressure from insecticide use. The upregulation of aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) has been reported upon pyrethroid treatment. In Aedes aegypti, the increase in ALDH activity against the hydrolytic product of pyrethroid has been observed in DDT/permethrin-resistant strains. The obj… Show more

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Cited by 21 publications
(23 citation statements)
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References 50 publications
(64 reference statements)
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“…The metabolism of pyrethroids occurs by ester hydrolysis (by CCE) and oxidation at methyl, methylene, alkenyl or aryl substituents (CYP), and ≥80 metabolites have been identified from cis and trans ‐permethrin (Casida et al , ). To date, fewer than 10 genes have been functionally characterized and confirmed to metabolize pyrethroids in A. aegypti , including members of the CYP9 family (Stevenson et al , ), CYP9M6 and CYP6BB2 (Kasai et al , ), whereas other enzymes, such as CYP6Z8 and the Red/ox (aldehyde dehydrogenases), catalyse the oxidation of permethrin intermediates (Chandor‐Proust et al , ; Lumjuan et al , ). Noticeably, genes CYP6Z8, CYP9J26–28 and CYP9M6 belong to clusters of tandem genes.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The metabolism of pyrethroids occurs by ester hydrolysis (by CCE) and oxidation at methyl, methylene, alkenyl or aryl substituents (CYP), and ≥80 metabolites have been identified from cis and trans ‐permethrin (Casida et al , ). To date, fewer than 10 genes have been functionally characterized and confirmed to metabolize pyrethroids in A. aegypti , including members of the CYP9 family (Stevenson et al , ), CYP9M6 and CYP6BB2 (Kasai et al , ), whereas other enzymes, such as CYP6Z8 and the Red/ox (aldehyde dehydrogenases), catalyse the oxidation of permethrin intermediates (Chandor‐Proust et al , ; Lumjuan et al , ). Noticeably, genes CYP6Z8, CYP9J26–28 and CYP9M6 belong to clusters of tandem genes.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Variations in dehydrogenase expression has been observed in pyrethroid resistant insects, such as the increase of aldehyde dehydrogenase in Anopheles gambiae after exposure to permethrin (Vontas, 2001) which is similar to the increase observed here in Bayvarol ® resistant mites. An additional study on pyrethroid/DTT resistant A. gambiae reported similar changes in the levels of dehydrogenases with two members of the family showing higher levels in resistant mosquitoes at both the genetic and proteomic level (Lumjuan, Wicheer, Leelapat, Choochote, & Somboon, 2014). Methylmalonate-semialdehyde dehydrogenase was expressed exclusively in the proteomic profile of the Bayvarol ® resistant mites (Table 3).…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 75%
“…Flavin-associated mono-oxygenase is strongly linked to the detoxification of xenobiotic substances in a wide range of organisms (Berenbaum & Johnson, 2015;Cashman, Perotti, Berkman, & Lin, 1996;Krueger & Williams, 2005;Naumann, Hartmann, & Ober, 2002). Its detoxification characteristics have been linked to the development of resistance to certain chemical pesticides including pyrethroids (Dawkar et al, 2013;Lumjuan et al, 2014;Tian, Sun, & Su, 2014). Thioredoxin reductase-2 has a role in the oxidoreductase response of a cell to stress and was increased by 5.9-fold in resistant mites compared to the levels in susceptible mites (Table 1).…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In the PMD-R strain, alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) and aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) were shown to be involved in permethrin metabolism. Two ALDH genes, ALDH9948 and ALDH14080 were upregulated in the PMD-R strain and both recombinant proteins showed oxidase activity against phenoxybenzyl aldehyde, an aldehyde moiety of pyrethroid (Lumjuan et al, 2014). The addition of piperonyl butoxide (PBO), an oxidase inhibitor, to larval bioassays of both PMD-R and F/C 1534 heterozygous individuals reduced permethrin resistance by ~3 fold and ~8 fold, respectively (Yanola et al, 2010;Somwang et al, 2011).…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The permethrin and deltamethrin resistance levels (as determined by larval bioassays LC50s) of PMD-R were higher than those observed in the susceptible PMD strain by 25 and 13 fold, respectively (Yanola et al, 2010;Plernsub et al, 2016b). Mixed function oxidases and aldehyde hydrogenases play a partial role in pyrethroid resistance in PMD-R Lumjuan et al, 2014).…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 88%