Identification and characteristic analysis of powder ejected from a lithium ion battery during thermal runaway at elevated temperatures

Chen, Shichen; Wang, Zhirong; Yan, Wei

doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.123169

Cited by 80 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…According to the video, the cell expands to its maximum volume at 68864.6 seconds ( T 2 = 109.18°C) as Figure 4F shows. After that, a powerful airflow with white smog is ejected from the crevasse of the aluminum laminated shell, which is consistent with the results of Reference 39. Meanwhile, the temperature suffers a vibration and the impedance rises rapidly from 2.6 to 3 mΩ as Figure 4A shows, which could be attributed to the gas release taking the heat away and the leakage of electrolyte causing poor wetting of electrodes.…”

Section: Results Of Thermal Runaway Testsupporting

confidence: 86%

“…Seconds later, some black particles entrained in gray smoke rush out from the crevasse as Figure 4H shows. The wreckage of active materials, current collector, organic chemicals, and carbonate are considered as the main components of the black particles 39 . In addition, the NMC (532) will experience multiple phase transitions which include layer structure, spinel structure, and rock‐salt structure 7,44 .…”

Section: Results Of Thermal Runaway Testmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Experimental and modeling analysis of thermal runaway for LiNi ₀ _. ₅ Mn ₀ _. ₃ Co ₀ _. ₂ O
Tang
¹
,
Wei
²
,
Zhang³
et al. 2021
Int J Energy Res
8
0
9
0
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Summary The nickel‐rich lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs) are widely used as the energy source of new energy vehicles. But the relatively poor safety performance results in serious accidents, which attracts more and more attention of researchers. In this study, the thermal runaway (TR) features of a pouch cell consisted of LiNi0.5Mn0.3Co0.2O2/graphite are investigated by an extended volume‐accelerating rate calorimeter combined with resistance monitoring, voltage monitoring, and video imaging technologies. Based on these techniques, the TR process is divided into five representative stages, that is, the start of self‐heating, the venting of flammable gas, the volatilization of electrolyte, the melt of separator, and the internal short circuit of LIBs. Besides, a lumped‐parameter thermal model with high precision is developed to predict and explain the TR process. The heat generated by the decomposition of solid electrolyte interface (SEI), the reaction of anode‐electrolyte, the multiple phase transition of the cathode is considered as the main heating source of TR. The resistance shows a higher sensitivity to the SEI decomposition than temperature does. The venting process along with the evaporation of electrolytes provides significant opportunities to obstruct the TR. The interval time between voltage drop and temperature rise is 6.9 seconds, which is beneficial for the early warning of TR.

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Section: Results Of Thermal Runaway Testsupporting

confidence: 86%

Section: Results Of Thermal Runaway Testmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental and modeling analysis of thermal runaway for LiNi ₀ _. ₅ Mn ₀ _. ₃ Co ₀ _. ₂ O
Tang
¹
,
Wei
²
,
Zhang³
et al. 2021
Int J Energy Res
8
0
9
0
View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Perkins et al (67) reported in 187 participants that 17 cigarettes per day scored 4.5 (medium dependence) in a scale of 0-10 on FTND. Another study by Bandiera et al [6] reported 20 cigarettes per day as the high score for FTND. The self-reported cigarettes per day (CPD) were categorized into "heavy" dependence and "hardcore" smokers for the study recruitment in different studies (67,68).…”

Section: Nicotine: An Addiction Potential and Adverse Health Effectsmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Favorability in the use of lithium batteries as the power-source in ENDS stems from their compact size and long-lasting power supply. However, studies point toward "thermal runaway" associated with these batteries as a cause for concern in the safety of ENDS (1,6).…”

Section: Batteries: Explosions Fires and Burnsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Explosions, Burn Injuries and Adverse Health Effects of Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems: A Review of Current Regulations and Future Perspectives

Ahmed

Etchey

Ahmed³

2021

J Pharm Pharm Sci

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Purpose: While there is a declining trend in the use of traditional methods of smoking tobacco, electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) have gained popularity worldwide. ENDS are marketed as safe for the primary reason that they do not contain the well-established toxic ingredients found in traditional cigarettes. However, growing concerns over incidences of fire and explosion with specific types of ENDS, as well as their short and long-term effects, remain unaddressed. This review examines the under studied role of customized components such as batteries, e-liquid compositions, and methods of nicotine delivery that result in physical injuries and adverse health effects of ENDS. Methods: Using online reference databases (Web of Science, PubMed, Medline other, Google scholar, FDA website, FDA register), we analyzed the mechanisms through which ENDS may pose significant risk to human health. Results: An increase in the use and popularity of ENDS has been observed among youth and adults in the United States since 2007. The ENDS devices available to the public allow for custom alterations which can introduce incompatible components, resulting in overheating and explosion related injuries. Heavy metals have been found to leach from some devices into the e-liquid, and the heating of e-liquid ingredients can produce toxic byproducts. Conclusions: Overall, the current literature demonstrates that ENDS are not a safe alternative to traditional cigarettes due to explosion risks and negative health effects including addiction, adverse respiratory and cardiovascular effects, heavy metal leaching, and toxic byproducts exposure. These risks warrant regulation of ENDS devices and formulations, with urgency underscored by their increasing popularity among youth and adults.

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“…In [ 20 ], the results of the identification of complex interactions between biological objects and their modeling in the form of graphs are presented. In [ 21 ], the results of the identification of hazardous characteristics of a thermal runaway of powder ejected from lithium-ion batteries are presented. An algorithm for identifying unknown parameters of photovoltaic systems is described in [ 22 ].…”

Section: Relative Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Acoustic Emission Method for Assessing the Degree of Degradation of Mechanical Properties and Residual Life of Metal Structures under Complex Dynamic Deformation Stresses

2021

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An acoustic emission method for assessing the degree of degradation of mechanical properties under conditions of complex dynamic deformation stresses is proposed. It has been shown that changing the operating conditions of metal structures, peak loads, external collisions, and thermally changing loads, which cannot be taken into account, leads to uncertainty and unpredictable structural changes in the material. This in turn makes it difficult to identify the state of the structure material to ensure trouble-free operation of the equipment. Changes in the mechanical properties under difficult loading conditions are identified by polynomial approximation of the results of AE measurements and the construction of boundary curves separating the operability region from the fracture region. This is achieved by approximating the experimental dependences of the acoustic parameters for various types of loading. This approach significantly expands the capabilities of the technical means of identification systems of metal structures, and in particular, allows the current state of the equipment and its suitability for further operation to be assessed without stopping the equipment in real time. It is of interest not only to fix the damage, but also to diagnose the processes of reducing the mechanical properties during the operation of the equipment.

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Identification and characteristic analysis of powder ejected from a lithium ion battery during thermal runaway at elevated temperatures

Cited by 80 publications

References 47 publications

Experimental and modeling analysis of thermal runaway for LiNi ₀ _. ₅ Mn ₀ _. ₃ Co ₀ _. ₂ O
Tang
¹
,
Wei
²
,
Zhang³
et al. 2021
Int J Energy Res
8
0
9
0
View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Experimental and modeling analysis of thermal runaway for LiNi ₀ _. ₅ Mn ₀ _. ₃ Co ₀ _. ₂ O
Tang
¹
,
Wei
²
,
Zhang³
et al. 2021
Int J Energy Res
8
0
9
0
View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Explosions, Burn Injuries and Adverse Health Effects of Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems: A Review of Current Regulations and Future Perspectives

An Acoustic Emission Method for Assessing the Degree of Degradation of Mechanical Properties and Residual Life of Metal Structures under Complex Dynamic Deformation Stresses

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Identification and characteristic analysis of powder ejected from a lithium ion battery during thermal runaway at elevated temperatures

Cited by 80 publications

References 47 publications

Experimental and modeling analysis of thermal runaway for LiNi 0 . 5 Mn 0 . 3 Co 0 . 2 O Tang1, Wei2, Zhang3 et al. 2021Int J Energy Res8090View full textAdd to dashboardCite

Experimental and modeling analysis of thermal runaway for LiNi 0 . 5 Mn 0 . 3 Co 0 . 2 O Tang1, Wei2, Zhang3 et al. 2021Int J Energy Res8090View full textAdd to dashboardCite

Explosions, Burn Injuries and Adverse Health Effects of Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems: A Review of Current Regulations and Future Perspectives

An Acoustic Emission Method for Assessing the Degree of Degradation of Mechanical Properties and Residual Life of Metal Structures under Complex Dynamic Deformation Stresses

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Experimental and modeling analysis of thermal runaway for LiNi ₀ _. ₅ Mn ₀ _. ₃ Co ₀ _. ₂ O
Tang
¹
,
Wei
²
,
Zhang³
et al. 2021
Int J Energy Res
8
0
9
0
View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Experimental and modeling analysis of thermal runaway for LiNi ₀ _. ₅ Mn ₀ _. ₃ Co ₀ _. ₂ O
Tang
¹
,
Wei
²
,
Zhang³
et al. 2021
Int J Energy Res
8
0
9
0
View full text Add to dashboard Cite