Identification and characterization of a novel NOD-like receptor family CARD domain containing 3 gene in response to extracellular ATP stimulation and its role in regulating LPS-induced innate immune response in Japanese flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) head kidney macrophages

Nucleotide‐binding and oligomerization domain (NOD)‐like receptors in teleost fish: Current knowledge and future perspectives

“…), Japanese flounder ( Paralichthys olivaceus ) (Li, Chen, Hao, Geng, Zhan et al. ), blunt snout bream ( Megalobrama amblycephala ) (Zhou et al., ), mrigal ( Cirrhinus mrigala ) (Swain, Basu, & Samanta, ), Catla ( Catla catla ) (Swain, Maiti, & Samanta, ), Nile tilapia ( Oreochromis niloticus ) (Gao et al., ) and rohu ( Labeo rohita ) (Swain, Basu, Sahoo, Maiti, Routray et al. ; Swain, Basu, & Samanta, ).…”

“…; Swain, Basu, & Samanta, ). In teleost fish, sequences of the newly identified NLRs have been found to be highly homologous to those of mammals, suggesting that they play a similar role in the defence against harmful pathogens (Biswas, Bilen, Kono, Sakai, & Hikima, ; Jang, Kim, Kim, & Cho, ; Li, Chu et al., ; Li, Chen et al., ). Despite the growing number of studies examining NLR function, the mechanisms regulating immunity in teleost fish remain unclear.…”

“…In Japanese flounder ( Paralichthys olivaceus ), NOD1 gene was determined by BLAST sequencing method (Park et al., ). Additionally, NLRC3 (Li, Chu et al., ; Li, Chen et al., ) and NLR‐C5 (Thanasaksiri, Hirono, & Kondo, ) were identified through BlastX algorithm and BLAST analysis of the GenBank database, respectively, whereas Atlantic salmon ( Salmo salar ) NLRC5 was identified through transcriptomic analyses (Pontigo et al., ).…”

“…Japanese flounder ( Paralichthys olivaceus ) NLR‐C3, containing a B30.2 domain, but lacking a FISNA domain, had higher expression levels in gill and kidney than in other tissues (Unajak et al., ). In addition, Japanese flounder NLR‐C3 showed relatively abundant expression levels in hepatopancreatic tissue and lower expression levels in blood (Li, Chu et al., ; Li, Chen et al., ). While NLR‐C3 contains domains similar to those in turbot NLR‐C3b, NLR‐C3b expression is higher in blood than in hepatopancreatic tissues (Hou et al., ), an expression pattern that is the opposite of NLR‐C3 in Japanese flounder.…”

“…After infection with Streptococcus iniae , expression of turbot NLR‐C3a and NLR‐C3b was increased more in the intestine than in either skin or gill tissues (Hou et al., ). Expression of the flounder NLR‐C3 gene was also significantly increased after stimulation with Edwardsiella tarda (Li, Chu et al., ; Li, Chen et al., ); however, expression of the NLR‐C3 gene in Channel catfish ( Ictalurus punctatus ) was significantly decreased after Edwardsiella ictaluri infection (Rajendran et al., ). Similarly, expression of a Japanese flounder ( Paralichthys olivaceus ) NLR‐C transcript that clustered with the NLR‐C3 group was significantly increased after stimulation with LPS or infection with either Streptococcus iniae or Edwardsiella tarda .…”