Identification and characterization of an actin filament-associated Anaplasma phagocytophilum protein

Tang, Hongcheng; Zhu, Jiafeng; Wu, Shuyan; Niu, Hua

doi:10.1016/j.micpath.2020.104439

Cited by 7 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Anaplasma phagocytophilum is a commonly reported emerging tick-borne zoonotic pathogen causing anaplasmosis ( Adamska, 2020 ). This bacterium primarily infects host neutrophils, which break the first-line immune defensive barrier in mammalians ( Tang et al., 2020 ). The infected animals show typically anemia ( Langenwalder et al., 2020 ), which reveal that A. phagocytophilum may contribute to diarrhea in yaks.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Short-Chain Fatty Acid Modulation on Potentially Diarrhea-Causing Pathogens in Yaks Through Metagenomic Sequencing

Zeng

Liu

et al. 2022

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

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Short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) are principal nutrient substrates of intestinal epithelial cells that regulate the epithelial barrier in yaks. Until now, metagenomics sequencing has not been reported in diarrheal yaks. Scarce information is available regarding the levels of fecal SCFA and diarrhea in yaks. So, our study aims to identify the potential pathogens that cause the emerging diarrhea and explore the potential relationship of short-chain fatty acids in this issue. We estimated diarrhea rate in yaks after collecting an equal number of fecal samples from affected animals. Metagenomics sequencing and quantitative analysis of SCFA were performed, which revealed 15%–25% and 5%–10% prevalence of diarrhea in yak’s calves and adults, respectively. Violin box plot also showed a higher degree of dispersion in gene abundance distribution of diarrheal yaks, as compared to normal yaks. We found 366,163 significant differential abundance genes in diarrheal yaks, with 141,305 upregulated and 224,858 downregulated genes compared with normal yaks via DESeq analysis. Metagenomics binning analysis indicated the higher significance of bin 33 (Bacteroidales) (p < 0.05) in diarrheal animals, while bin 10 (p < 0.0001), bin 30 (Clostridiales) (p < 0.05), bin 51 (Lactobacillales) (p < 0.05), bin 8 (Lachnospiraceae) (p < 0.05), and bin 47 (Bacteria) (p < 0.05) were significantly higher in normal yaks. At different levels, a significant difference in phylum (n = 4), class (n = 8), oder (n = 8), family (n = 16), genus (n = 17), and species (n = 30) was noticed, respectively. Compared with healthy yaks, acetic acid (p < 0.01), propionic acid (p < 0.01), butyric acid (p < 0.01), isobutyric acid (p < 0.01), isovaleric acid (p < 0.05), and caproic acid (p < 0.01) were all observed significantly at a lower rate in diarrheal yaks. In conclusion, besides the increased Staphylococcus aureus, Babesia ovata, Anaplasma phagocytophilum, Bacteroides fluxus, viruses, Klebsiella pneumonia, and inflammation-related bacteria, the decrease of SCFA caused by the imbalance of intestinal microbiota was potentially observed in diarrheal yaks.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Short-Chain Fatty Acid Modulation on Potentially Diarrhea-Causing Pathogens in Yaks Through Metagenomic Sequencing

Zeng

Liu

et al. 2022

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

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“…AFAP was previously found colocalized with the actin filaments at 24 h post-transfection in HeLa cells (Tang et al, 2020). However with the extended incubation time, a population of AFAP formed ring-like organization, which encircled punctate F-actin-rich structures, and another population of AFAP localized to cell periphery with actin filaments at 48 and 72 h posttransfection (Figure 1A and B).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 78%

“…HeLa cells and HEK293 cells were propagated in Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium (DMEM) (Gibco) supplemented with 10% fetal bovine (Gibco) at 37°C and 5% CO 2 . Plasmids pAFAP-GFP and pLifeact-mCherry were constructed in previous study (Tang et al, 2020). Plasmid pEGFP-N1, which expresses GFP was from Clontech Laboratories.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Enhancement of Cell Adhesion by Anaplasma phagocytophilum Nucleolin-interacting Protein AFAP

Tang

Zhu

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Anaplasma phagocytophilum, the aetiologic agent of human granulocytic anaplasmosis (HGA) is an obligate intracellular Gram-negative bacterium. During infection, A. phagocytophilum enhances the adhesion of neutrophils to infected endothelial cells. However the bacterial factors contributing to this phenomenon remain unknown. In this study, we characterized a type IV secretion system substrate of A. phagocytophilum, AFAP (an actin filament-associated Anaplasma phagocytophilumprotein), and found it enhanced cell adhesion. Tandem affinity purification combined with mass spectrometry identified host nucleolin as an AFAP-binding protein. Further study showed disruption of nucleolin by RNA interference and treatment of a nucleolin-binding DNA aptamer AS1411 attenuated AFAP-mediated cell adhesion. The characterization of AFAP with enhancement effect on cell adhesion and identification of its interaction partner may help understand the mechanism underlying A. phagocytophilum-promoting cell adhesion, facilitating elucidation of HGA pathogenesis.HighlightsAnaplasma phagocytophilum AFAP localized to cell periphery.AFAP enhanced cell adhesion.AFAP interacted with host nucleolin.Disruption of nucleolin attenuated AFAP-mediated cell adhesion.

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“…AFAP is a type IV secretion system effector of A. phagocytophilum and was found to be associated with host actin filaments, thereby named as an actin filament-associated Anaplasma phagocytophilum protein [ 24 ]. Here, we found AFAP localized to cell periphery, surrounded punctate F-actin-rich cores and enhanced cell adhesion.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhancement of Cell Adhesion by Anaplasma phagocytophilum Nucleolin-Interacting Protein AFAP

Tang

Zhang

Jiang

et al. 2023

JPM

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Anaplasma phagocytophilum, the aetiologic agent of human granulocytic anaplasmosis (HGA), is an obligate intracellular Gram-negative bacterium. During infection, A. phagocytophilum enhances the adhesion of neutrophils to the infected endothelial cells. However, the bacterial factors contributing to this phenomenon remain unknown. In this study, we characterized a type IV secretion system substrate of A. phagocytophilum, AFAP (an actin filament-associated Anaplasma phagocytophilum protein) and found that it dynamically changed its pattern and subcellular location in cells and enhanced cell adhesion. Tandem affinity purification combined with mass spectrometry identified host nucleolin as an AFAP-interacting protein. Further study showed the disruption of nucleolin by RNA interference, and the treatment of a nucleolin-binding DNA aptamer AS1411 attenuated AFAP-mediated cell adhesion, indicating that AFAP enhanced cell adhesion in a nucleolin-dependent manner. The characterization of cell adhesion-enhancing AFAP and the identification of host nucleolin as its interaction partner may help understand the mechanism underlying A. phagocytophilum-promoting cell adhesion, facilitating the elucidation of HGA pathogenesis.

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Identification and characterization of an actin filament-associated Anaplasma phagocytophilum protein

Cited by 7 publications

References 21 publications

Effects of Short-Chain Fatty Acid Modulation on Potentially Diarrhea-Causing Pathogens in Yaks Through Metagenomic Sequencing

Effects of Short-Chain Fatty Acid Modulation on Potentially Diarrhea-Causing Pathogens in Yaks Through Metagenomic Sequencing

Enhancement of Cell Adhesion by Anaplasma phagocytophilum Nucleolin-interacting Protein AFAP

Enhancement of Cell Adhesion by Anaplasma phagocytophilum Nucleolin-Interacting Protein AFAP

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