Identification and characterization of low resistivity low contrast zones in a clastic outcrop from Sarawak, Malaysia

Iqbal, Muhammad Atif; Salim, Ahmed Mohamed Ahmed; Baioumy, Hassan; Gaafar, Gamal Ragab; Wahid, Ali

doi:10.1016/j.jappgeo.2018.11.013

Cited by 18 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…The higher the irreducible water saturation, the higher the conductivity . − Figure c shows the distribution of irreducible water saturation obtained from phase permeability experiment data of 20 cores samples (Figure a,b). It can be seen that the irreducible water content of the reservoir is mainly distributed between 50% and 70%, reservoir irreducible water saturation is generally high.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic Mechanisms and Multiparameter Logging Identification of Low-Resistivity Oil Pay: A Case Study of the Triassic Chang 6 Member, Zhidan Area, Ordos Basin, China

2023

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Low-resistivity pay has been found throughout the world. The causes and logging responses of low-resistivity reservoirs are complex and variable. The weak variations in resistivity between the oil pay and the adjacent water pay makes it difficult to identify fluids by resistivity log analysis, which reduces the overall exploration benefit of the oil field. Therefore, it is very important to study the genesis and logging identification technology of the low-resistivity oil pay. In this paper, we first analyzed the core results such as X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, mercury intrusion, phase permeability, nuclear magnetic resonance, physical properties, electric petrophysical experiment, micro-CT, rock wettability, etc. The results show that: ① the development of low-resistivity oil pays in the studied area is mainly controlled by irreducible water saturation. The complicated pore structure, high gamma ray sandstone, and rock hydrophilicity are the factors that lead to the increase of irreducible water saturation. ② The salinity of formation water and the invasion of drilling fluid also have a certain influence on the variation of reservoir resistivity. ③ In order to magnify the difference between oil and water, sensitive parameters of logging response are extracted according to the controlling factors of low- resistivity reservoir. Then, AC-R ILD, SP-PSP, GR*GR*ΔSP-RILD, and (R ILM-R ILD)/R ILDR ILD cross-plots, some overlap method, and movable water analysis are used to identify low-resistivity oil pays synthetically. In the case study, the comprehensive application of the above identification method can effectively improve the accuracy of fluid recognition step by step. It provides reference for identifying more low-resistivity reservoirs with similar geological conditions.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic Mechanisms and Multiparameter Logging Identification of Low-Resistivity Oil Pay: A Case Study of the Triassic Chang 6 Member, Zhidan Area, Ordos Basin, China

2023

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“…The higher the irreducible water saturation, the higher the conductivity. [35][36][37] The electrical parameters measured in the oil-water layer are directly affected by the control of the rock conductive network. The more complex the pore structure is, the stronger the capillary force adsorption capacity of water, resulting in higher saturation of bound water in the pores, which reduces the resistivity of the oil layer.…”

Section: The Impact Of Irreducible Water Saturationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic mechanisms and multi-parameter logging identification of low-resistivity oil pay: A case study of the Triassic Chang 6 member, Zhidan area, Ordos Basin, China

Wang

Zhu

Zhang³

2023

Preprint

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Low-resistivity pay have been found throughout the world, the identification and characterization of low-resistivity pay is very challenging and important for the development of oil fields. The genesis of the low-resistivity oil pay is complex, and the logging response characteristics are variable. The weak difference in resistivity between the oil pay and the adjacent water pay makes it difficult to identify kinds of fluids by resistivity log analysis, which reduces the overall exploration benefit of the oilfield. Therefore, it is very important to study the genesis and identification technology of the low-resistivity oil pay. In this paper, we first analyzed the core experimental results such as X-ray diffraction scanning electron microscope, mercury intrusion, phase permeability, nuclear magnetic resonance, physical properties, electric petrophysical experiment, micro-CT technology and rock wettability, etc. Comprehensive analysis of the reservoir characteristics shows that the development of low-resistivity oil pays in the study area is controlled by irreducible water saturation and high gamma ray sandstone. The complicated pore structure and rock hydrophilicity are the factors that lead to the increase of irreducible water saturation. Then, the salinity of formation water and the invasion of drilling fluid also have a certain influence on the change of reservoir resistivity. According to the controlling factors of the low- resistivity oil pay, we extract the sensitive parameters to the logging response, amplify the difference between oil and water pay, and use the AC-RILD, SP-PSP, GR*GR*∆SP-RILD and(RILM-RILD)/RILD—RILD cross-plots, etc. Various methods such as cross-plots method, overlap method and movable water analysis are mutually constrained to identify low-resistivity oil pays. In the case study, the comprehensive application of the above identification flow path can effectively improve the accuracy of fluid recognition step by step. It provides reference for identifying more low-resistivity reservoirs with similar geological conditions.

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“…Low resistivity is a natural phenomenon that occurs in a reservoir or in a zone where the resistivity value of rocks in the zone or reservoir has decreased sufficiently in the hydrocarbon zone or has increased resistivity value in the water zone compared to the actual resistivity value so that it is difficult to be able to distinguish fluid content and identify the actual price of water saturation value. Research conducted to be able to indicate the cause of the phenomenon of low resistivity has been widely carried out as in the research of Ashqar et al (2016) Durand et al (2001) conducted research on the effect of pore lining chlorite on petrophysical properties in low resistivity sandstone reservoirs [9][10][11][12][13].…”

Section: Low Resistivitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification Analysis of Fluid Type in the Low Resistivity Zone of Well Z-2 Field "Z", South Sumatera

Rahmawan,

Herdiansyah,

Prakoso

et al. 2023

Journal of Earth Energy Science, Engineering, and Technology

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Hydrocarbon reserves are one of the main points that are very important in the sustainability of the productivity of an oil and gas field. This important point is greatly influenced by several parameters that can be obtained by various measurements and analysis. One of the most influential parameters in the analyses of the amount of hydrocarbon reserves in a reservoir is the water saturation value. The water saturation parameter will also be greatly influenced by the electrical parameters of the fluid-containing rock in the reservoir. Sometimes the electrical parameters of this rock, in this case resistivity becomes one of the benchmark parameters, whether the zone or reservoir has potential or is interesting to be developed or produced. However, there are several reservoirs or zones that experience low resistivity effects which will give an initial indication that the zones or reservoirs are not attractive or have no effect on development. In this Z field, there is a zone that experiences low resistivity effects, making this zone unattractive for production. So to be able to make these zones attractive for production, an identification analysis was carried out on Zones A and B in this Z field to determine the type or type of fluid from the two zones. The initial analysis was carried out petrographically from rock sample incisions at certain depths in Zones A and B so that it is known that the cause of the low resistivity effect in the two zones is the presence of pyrite minerals and illite clay which are the main causes of the low resistivity effect. Furthermore, an analysis of the identification of fluid types was carried out using the double apparent resistivity method with the results obtained that in Zones A and B there are 2 types of fluids, namely hydrocarbons and water with a depth limit of 3650 ft in Zone A and 4558 ft in Zone B. By knowing the type of fluid, the hydrocarbons contained in these two zones should be able to increase interest in the production of these zones as a potential zone for production, but it is necessary to perforate at a depth range indicated by the hydrocarbon fluid and carry out initial production tests to prove the results of the analysis in this study.

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Identification and characterization of low resistivity low contrast zones in a clastic outcrop from Sarawak, Malaysia

Cited by 18 publications

References 25 publications

Genetic Mechanisms and Multiparameter Logging Identification of Low-Resistivity Oil Pay: A Case Study of the Triassic Chang 6 Member, Zhidan Area, Ordos Basin, China

Genetic Mechanisms and Multiparameter Logging Identification of Low-Resistivity Oil Pay: A Case Study of the Triassic Chang 6 Member, Zhidan Area, Ordos Basin, China

Genetic mechanisms and multi-parameter logging identification of low-resistivity oil pay: A case study of the Triassic Chang 6 member, Zhidan area, Ordos Basin, China

Identification Analysis of Fluid Type in the Low Resistivity Zone of Well Z-2 Field "Z", South Sumatera

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