Identification and characterization of two salmon louse heme peroxidases and their potential as vaccine antigens

Gislefoss, Elisabeth; Abdelrahim Gamil, Amr Ahmed; Øvergård, Aina-Cathrine; Evensen, Øystein

doi:10.1016/j.isci.2023.107991

Cited by 1 publication

(1 citation statement)

References 68 publications

(95 reference statements)

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“…Moreover, the ability of the antigenic protein to induce the production of specific antibodies in salmon mucus cannot be ruled out [18,38]. Further research is warranted considering the potential of antioxidant systems in parasitic defense for vaccine development [39][40][41]. This proof-of-concept study contributes to the limited body of research focusing on antioxidant systems in salmon lice and also shows the possibility of developing a vaccine based on proteins of louse origin detected in Atlantic salmon blood, suggesting potential avenues for vaccine development.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Proof-of-Concept Study to Develop a Peptide-Based Vaccine against Salmon Lice Infestation in Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar L.)

Johny,

Ilardi,

Olsen

et al. 2024

Vaccines

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Proteins present in blood samples from Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) infected with salmon lice (Lepeophtheirus salmonis) were analyzed using liquid chromatography–high-resolution mass spectrometry. Bioinformatic analyses revealed 1820 proteins, of which 58 were assigned to lice. Among these, peroxiredoxin-2, an antioxidant protein, was found relevant with respect to blood feeding of the parasite. The three-dimensional structure analysis of the protein revealed a surface amino acid sequence of interest. A 13-amino-acid peptide was selected as a potential antigen due to its predicted solubility, antigenicity, probable non-allergenic, and non-toxic nature. This peroxiredoxin-2-derived peptide was synthesized, combined with a commercially available adjuvant, and used for vaccination. The test vaccine demonstrated a 60–70% protection rate against early-stage Lepeophtheirus salmonis infection in a challenge trial in Norway. Additionally, the vaccine was tested against salmon lice (Caligus rogercresseyi) in Chile, where a remarkable 92% reduction in the number of adult lice was observed. Thus, in combination with the selected adjuvant, the peptide showed antigenic potential, making it a suitable candidate for future vaccine development. The approach described holds promise for the development of peptide vaccines against various ectoparasites feeding on blood or skin secretions of their hosts.

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