Identification and Comparative Expression Analysis of Interleukin 2/15 Receptor β Chain in Chickens Infected with E. tenella

Abstract

BackgroundInterleukin (IL) 2 and IL15 receptor β chain (IL2/15Rβ, CD122) play critical roles in signal transduction for the biological activities of IL2 and IL15. Increased knowledge of non-mammalian IL2/15Rβ will enhance the understanding of IL2 and IL15 functions.Methology/Principal FindingsChicken IL2/15Rβ (chIL2/15Rβ) cDNA was cloned using 5′/3′-RACE. The predicted protein sequence contained 576 amino acids and typical features of the type-I cytokine receptor family. COS-7 cells transfected with chIL2/15Rβ produced proteins of approximately 75 and 62.5 kDa under normal and tunicamycin-treated conditions, respectively. The genomic structure of chIL2/15Rβ was similar to its mammalian counterparts. chIL2/15Rβ transcripts were detected in the lymphoblast cell line CU205 and in normal lymphoid organs and at moderate levels in bursa samples. Expression profiles of chIL2/15Rβ and its related cytokines and receptors were examined in ConA-stimulated splenic lymphocytes and in ceca-tonsils of Eimeria tenella-infected chickens using quantitative real-time PCR. Expression levels of chIL2/15Rβ, chIL2Rα, and chIL15Rα were generally elevated in ceca-tonsils and ConA-activated splenic lymphocytes. However, chIL2 and chIL15 expression levels were differentially regulated between the samples. chIL2 expression was upregulated in ConA-activated splenic lymphocytes, but not in ceca-tonsils. In constrast, chIL15 expression was upregulated in ceca-tonsils, but not in ConA-activated splenic lymphocytes.Conclusions/SignificanceWe identified an avian form of IL2/15Rβ and compared its gene expression pattern with those of chIL2, chIL15, chIL2Rα, and chIL15Rα. Our observations suggest that chIL15 and its receptors, including chIL2/15Rβ, play important roles in mucosal immunity to intestinal intracellular parasites such as Eimeria.

Downregulation of Chicken Interleukin-17 Receptor A during Eimeria Infection

“…6B and C). Eimeria species are intracellular protozoan parasites that typically invade intestinal epithelial cells and induce increased levels of cytokine genes (e.g., IL-1␤ and IFN-␥) (25,38,39). Therefore, IL-1␤ and IFN-␥ transcript levels were monitored postinfection.…”

“…Constant light was provided for the duration of the experiments. Fifty 10-day-old chicks were infected via the oral route with 10 4 sporulated Eimeriatenella (Korean isolate 291-7) (25) or E. maxima (Korean isolate 291-3) (26) oocysts and transferred to disposable cages (27). Eimeria spp.…”

Coccidiosis: Recent Progress in Host Immunity and Alternatives to Antibiotic Strategies

“…They include IL-1β, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-12, IL-15, 17, and IL-18, IFN-γ, transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1-4, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, TNF-α superfamily 15 (TNFSF15), and lipopolysaccharide-induced TNF-α factor (LITAF) [25,56,57]. These immune molecules are involved in host immunoregulation during primary or secondary infection [56][57][58][59][60][61][62][63][64][65][66]. A recent study investigated the differences in the kinetics of host immune response to coccidiosis in two inbred lines of White Leghorn chickens that exhibit differential resistance (line C.B12) or susceptibility (line 15I) [67].…”

Altered circulating T follicular helper cells in patients with chronic immune thrombocytopenia

“…IL-21 is a type I cytokine that signals via a specific receptor protein, IL-21 receptor ( 18 , 19 ), and the common cytokine receptor γ-chain, γc, which is shared by the receptors for IL-2, IL-4, IL-7, IL-9, IL-15 and IL-21 ( 20 ). In addition, it has been recognized that IL-21 may be a master cytokine that promotes the expression of Bcl-6 in CD4 + T cells ( 21 – 23 ).…”