Identification and Determination of Phenolics in Lamiaceae Species by UPLC-DAD-ESI-MS/MS

Abstract

This study reports the phenolic profile screening of aromatic Lamiaceae species such as marjoram (Origanum majorana L.), lavender (Lavandula officinalis) and pennyroyal (Mentha pulegium L.) using a novel and validated ultra performance liquid chromatography method coupled with DAD diode array detector and tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) in negative mode of electrospray ionization. Identification and quantification of phenolics in these plant extracts has been realized within 12 min. This method showed good precision (percentage relative standard deviation; RSD% 0.54-2.72 for intra-day, 1.71-4.64 for inter-day), reproducibility (percentage recovery, REC% 92.0-109.0) and linearity (r = 0.9988-0.9999). Limits of detection ranged from 0.02 to 18.2 ng/mL. The extraction of plants was performed using microwave-assisted extraction technique and 60% (v/v) aqueous methanol solvent medium was selected as suitable solvent because of maximum extraction efficiency. Total antioxidant capacity, total phenolic content and free radical scavenging activity of these plant extracts were tested and the results correlated well among each other. According to the Folin assay, phenolic contents of Origanum majorana L., Mentha pulegium L. and Lavandula officinalis were calculated as 119 ± 3.4, 85.1 ± 2.8 and 57.8 ± 2.1 mg GAE/g dry matter, respectively.

Flavonoids and Phenolic Acids from Oregano: Occurrence, Biological Activity and Health Benefits

“…Another widely studied oregano species regarding antioxidant capacity is Origanum majorana , characterized by the high content of rosmarinic acid. The antioxidant capacity of the microwave assisted methanolic extract from the aerial parts of O. majorana was analyzed by the CUPRAC, DPPH and TPC methods, showing high values attributed to the elevated content of rosmarinic acid, along with apigenin, caffeic acid and rutin [ 75 ]. Similarly, Elansary and Mahmoud [ 76 ] reported that rosmarinic acid and caffeic acid were the main compounds on the infusion and methanolic extract of the leaves from Origanum majorana , were the last one showed better antioxidant capacity by DPPH, β-carotene bleaching and TPC.…”

Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis of Polyphenols in Lamiaceae Plants—A Review

“…However, luteolin-7- O -glucuronide was also detected in high quantities for the first time in thyme ( Thymus ) species ( Table S1 ), whereas other novel compounds were also present ( Table S1 ) [ 59 ]. Several studies have demonstrated the application of UHPLC-MS/MS for phenolic profiling of herbal samples [ 55 , 64 , 66 , 68 ] which is deliberated as advanced, sensitive, reproducible, rapid and with high resolution technique [ 68 ]. For instance, Mena et al [ 53 ] have used UHPLC-ESI-MS n with a total run time of 35 min, for the phenolic compositional analysis of a branded extract of Rosmarinus officinalis ( Table 2 ), where 57 compounds were identified and quantified, and of which 14 polyphenols were detected for the first time ( Table S1 ) in this species [ 53 ].…”

“…The benefits of these techniques stem from the used analytical columns, with particle size <2.0 μm, which lead to considerable reduction of back-pressure [ 14 ]. Polyphenolic profiles of Lamiaceae species, namely Origanum majorana , Mentha pulegium and lavender ( Lavandula officinalis ) were also scrutinised by Çelik et al [ 68 ] on MAE 60% MeOH extracts ( Table 2 ). The authors optimized and validated the UHPLC-DAD-ESI-MS/MS method that had a total run time of 12 min per sample.…”

“…A total number of 18 polyphenols was identified in the samples and the technique exhibited good reproducibility (recoveries equal to 92–109%) and linearity (r ≥ 0.9988), whereas LOD and LOQ values of polyphenols were diminished to 0.02 ng/mL and 0.06 ng/mL, respectively. The advantages of this method over HPLC are attributed to the reduction of analysis time and its applicability to a greater number of polyphenolic compounds [ 68 ]. Oliveira et al [ 14 ] developed and validated an UHPLC-DAD method ( Table 2 ) that enabled for the first time the simultaneous quantification of 19 phenolic compounds in 21 fresh and dried (organic and non-organic) aromatic plants, most of them belonging to Lamiaceae family.…”

Modeling and optimizing microwave-assisted extraction of antioxidant compoundsfrom marigold (Calendula officinalisL.) using response surface methodology

“…The chromatographic analysis of antioxidant compounds in marigold extracts was performed by UPLC-PDA-ESI-MS/MS system (Waters) as described by Çelik et al [27]; 0.1% HCOOH in bidistilled H 2 O (A) and 0.1%…”