Identification and developmental expression of new biomineralization proteins in the sea urchin Strongylocentrotus purpuratus

Illies, Michele R.; Peeler, Margaret T.; Dechtiaruk, Anna M.; Ettensohn, Charles A.

doi:10.1007/s00427-002-0261-0

Cited by 96 publications

(109 citation statements)

References 50 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

106

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Specifically, mRNA transcripts that encode for spicule matrix proteins, SM30-like and SM29, which are involved in the formation of the organic matrix of the larval spicule (Livingston et al 2006) were down-regulated in urchin larvae exposed to High CO 2 . Similarly the gene expression of a number of proteins that play an important role in skeleton elongation and growth such as collagens (Benson et al 1990), a cyclophilin (Amore & Davidson 2006), P19 (Illies et al 2002), and the Ca 2+ binding protein osteonectin (Livingston et al 2006) were also downregulated in larvae exposed to High CO 2 . Taken together, the transcriptomic results demonstrate that these larvae are not increasing the expression of genes coding for proteins that are critical to skeletogenesis to compensate for the effects of CO 2 on the biomineralization process.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Ocean acidification alters skeletogenesis and gene expression in larval sea urchins

O’Donnell¹,

Todgham²,

Sewell³

et al. 2010

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

172

110

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Ocean acidification, the reduction of ocean pH due to the absorption of anthropogenic atmospheric CO 2 , is expected to influence marine ecosystems through effects on marine calcifying organisms. These effects are not well understood at the community and ecosystem levels, although the consequences are likely to involve range shifts and population declines. A current focus in ocean acidification research is to understand the resilience that organisms possess to withstand such changes, and to extend these investigations beyond calcification, addressing impacts on other vulnerable physiological processes. Using morphometric methods and gene expression profiling with a DNA microarray, we explore the effects of elevated CO 2 conditions on Lytechinus pictus echinoplutei, which form a calcium carbonate endoskeleton during pelagic development. Larvae were raised from fertilization to pluteus stage in seawater with elevated CO 2 . Morphometric analysis showed significant effects of enhanced CO 2 on both size and shape of larvae; those grown in a high CO 2 environment were smaller and had a more triangular body than those raised in normal CO 2 conditions. Gene expression profiling showed that genes central to energy metabolism and biomineralization were down-regulated in the larvae in response to elevated CO 2 , whereas only a few genes involved in ion regulation and acid-base balance pathways were up-regulated. Taken together, these results suggest that, although larvae are able to form an endoskeleton, development at elevated CO 2 levels has consequences for larval physiology as shown by changes in the larval transcriptome.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Ocean acidification alters skeletogenesis and gene expression in larval sea urchins

O’Donnell¹,

Todgham²,

Sewell³

et al. 2010

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

172

110

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…SM30, the most abundant spicule matrix protein, an acidic glycoprotein, also contains signal peptide and C-type lectin domains (Killian & Wilt, 1996;Wilt, 1999). It is coded by six genes, which are variously expressed in different mineralized structures (Illies et al, 2002;Killian et al, 2010;Livingston et al, 2006). Another protein isolated from Srongylocentrotus purpuratus is phosphodontin.…”

Section: Sea Urchin Larval Spicule Matrix Protein Idpsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intrinsically Disordered Proteins in Biomineralization

Wojtas¹,

Dobryszycki²,

Ożyhar³

2012

Advanced Topics in Biomineralization

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…Whether or not protein-coding genes play a role in regulating the growth, shape, and physical properties of the coccoliths, as they do in biomineralization processes in the diatom, oyster, sea urchin, and mollusk (Gotliv et al 2003;Hazelaar et al 2003;Illies et al 2002;Miyamoto et al 1996;Zhang et al 2000) is not known. Nineteen of the most abundant ESTs in the f/50 library derived from lith forming cells show no significant match to any sequence present in the f/2 library derived from non-calcifying cells, nor do they show any significant match to any of any GenBank sequences, including biomineralization proteins.…”

Section: Thomas M Wahlund Et Al: Expressed Sequence Tag Profiles Frmentioning

confidence: 99%

Expressed sequence tag profiles from calcifying and non-calcifying cultures of Emiliania huxleyi

2004

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Expressed Sequence Tag (EST) analysis is a powerful means for evaluating gene expression and discovering novel genes. The method is relatively simple and particularly important for species where knowledge of the genome is unavailable or limited. In this study, we compare EST profiles of Emiliania huxleyi cultures grown under conditions that promote biomineralization and coccolithogenesis (F/50 media) and conditions that reduce these processes (F/2 media). A total of 3,527 clones from the F/50 and 4,116 clones from F/2 library were randomly selected and sequenced, resulting in a unigene set of 4,057 unique sequences comprised of 540 contigs and 3517 singletons. More than 40% of the expressed genes showed similarity to known genes from other organisms deposited in GenBank (e>10 -2 ) and have been functionally categorized. The comparative data provide cues for further studies pertaining to genes and proteins involved in biomineralization and coccolithogenesis, and taken together serve as a valuable resource for the coccolithophorid research community.

show abstract

Identification and developmental expression of new biomineralization proteins in the sea urchin Strongylocentrotus purpuratus

Cited by 96 publications

References 50 publications

Ocean acidification alters skeletogenesis and gene expression in larval sea urchins

Ocean acidification alters skeletogenesis and gene expression in larval sea urchins

Intrinsically Disordered Proteins in Biomineralization

Expressed sequence tag profiles from calcifying and non-calcifying cultures of Emiliania huxleyi

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About