Identification and Epidemiology of a Rare HoBi-Like Pestivirus Strain in Bangladesh

Abstract

The genus pestivirus of the family flaviviridae consists of four recognized species: bovine viral diarrhoea virus 1 (BVDV-1), bovine viral diarrhoea virus 2 (BVDV-2), classical swine fever virus and border disease virus. A new putative pestivirus species tentatively named as either 'HoBi-like pestivirus' or BVDV-3 has recently been identified in Brazil, Italy and Thailand. Despite reports of serological evidence of BVDV in Bangladesh, the types of the virus circulating in cattle have not been identified. We conducted surveillance in cattle from May 2009 to August 2010 in three government veterinary hospitals to characterize BVDV in cattle of Bangladesh. We tested serum for BVDV using an antigen-capture ELISA. Of 638 cattle samples, 3% (16/638) tested positive for BVDV antigen. The ELISA-positive samples were selected for further molecular detection and characterization of BVDV. Molecular analysis of the partial 5' untranslated region (UTR) nucleotide sequences of BVDV-positive samples identified the rare HoBi-like pestivirus or BVDV-3 virus circulating in cattle of Bangladesh. The identification of this rare HoBi-like pestivirus or BVDV-3 strain in Bangladesh warrants further surveillance to evaluate its impact on livestock production.

Serological Evidence of Coxiella burnetii Infection in Cattle and Goats in Bangladesh

“…1). Sampling locations were selected based on government veterinary hospital figures of high ruminant caseloads (>20 ruminants/day) (Haider et al, 2014) and proximity to the Indian border where livestock trading is common. The veterinarian at each hospital enrolled cattle and goats into the study with one or more of the following clinical signs: diarrhea, respiratory distress, and/or fever.…”

“…Bangladesh has one of the highest human and animal population densities in the world, with 1000 persons (World Bank, 2007) and 145 domestic ruminants per square kilometer (Bangladesh Agricultural Research Council, 2010;Haider et al, 2014). The high human-ani- mal density and frequent contact between animals and humans make the country an ideal site for Q fever and other zoonotic diseases to emerge.…”

ATYPICAL BOVINE PESTIVIRUSES (review)

“…The disease has been recorded in Bangladesh [33]. There were no reports on the isolation of virus from this group in other countries of Europe, North America, in Russia, India or Australia.…”

Prevalence and haematological parameters for bovine viral diarrhoea (BVD) in south Bengal areas in Bangladesh

“…The characteristic clinical signs are leucopenia, transient fever, diarrhoea, abortion, respiratory distress, reproductive failure and congenital defects in calves (Lucero et al, 2006), lameness, early embryonic death and immune suppression (Rubaye and Hasso, 2012), mummification, stillbirth, neural defects and calving of persistently infected calves (Ahmad et al, 2011). In Bangladesh, very few records are available on the prevalence of the disease in dairy herds (Samad, 1999;Haider et al, 2013). The present study was carried out to determine the prevalence of BVDV and haematological changes in the commercial dairy herds in Barisal division.…”