Identification and evaluation of toxicity of rice root elongation inhibitors in flooded soils with added wheat straw

Tanaka, Fukuyo; Ono, S.; Hayasaka, Tomoaki

doi:10.1080/00380768.1990.10415714

Cited by 48 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…In addition, long-term soil management, particularly in relation to organic matter application and the soil water regime, was found to exert a significant impact on the modification of the BNF and hence N enrichment. Application of fresh organic materials enhanced BNF, but may increase the risk of inducing the inhibition of rice growth during the early growth stage, presumably due to the accumulation of toxic compounds such as organic acids 12,13 . Further studies on the chemical and microbial associations of BNF and decomposition processes of organic matter should be conducted to develop methods for effective utilization of BNF, while minimizing deleterious effects on rice growth.…”

Section: Utilization Of Bnf In Paddy Soilsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonal Changes in N2 Fixation Activity and N Enrichment in Paddy Soils as Affected by Soil Management in the Northern Area of Japan

Kondo

Yasuda

2003

JARQ

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Enhancing the indigenous ability of biological N 2 fixation (BNF) in paddy soils to increase N fertility is important to develop sustainable rice cultivation systems. This study aimed at evaluating the effect of light conditions and long-term soil management on the seasonal changes in the BNF activity of paddy soils associated with the decomposition of rice straw and cellulose, by determining the acetylene reduction activity (ARA) and N enrichment in the Tohoku region of Japan under cool temperate conditions. ARA of the straw applied on the soil surface showed a peak in the mid-cropping season in the summer. The ARA of the straw applied in autumn was 30% of that in spring application. Carbon use efficiency for N enrichment with cellulose was about 3 times higher under light than dark conditions. Among the long-term soil management practices, continuous application of fresh organic materials such as rice straw and manure considerably enhanced N enrichment and ARA. In the soil without P, the inhibition of N enrichment by the low P availability appeared in the early cropping season. Soils from paddy fields converted to upland fields (hereafter referred to as "converted upland soils") showed the highest level of N enrichment when the soils were amended with cellulose. The highest level of N enrichment with and without cellulose amendment was estimated to be 1.6-2.0 g m -2in one cropping season. The results indicated the important contribution of BNF even under cool temperate conditions and the significant effect of soil management related to organic matter application and the water regime on the magnitude of BNF and, therefore, possibly on the N cycling of the paddy soil systems.

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Section: Utilization Of Bnf In Paddy Soilsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonal Changes in N2 Fixation Activity and N Enrichment in Paddy Soils as Affected by Soil Management in the Northern Area of Japan

Kondo

Yasuda

2003

JARQ

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“…However, Fe 2þ is not the main factor that suppresses the germination of M. vaginalis because this species has a strong tolerance for iron toxicity ( Nozoe et al 2009). In the process of soil reduction, some phenolic acids that suppressed the root elongation of rice were produced (Tanaka et al 1990). However, Olofsdotter et al (2002) reported that these acids were unlikely to be the main toxins in weeds because their concentrations were not of an inhibitory level.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Suppressive effect of rice bran incorporation in paddy soil on germination ofMonochoria vaginalisand its relationship with electric conductivity

Nozoe

Uchino

Okawa

et al. 2012

Soil Science and Plant Nutrition

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Laboratory experiments were conducted to investigate (1) the effects of the addition of rice (Oryza sativa. L.) bran to paddy soil on the germination of Monochoria vaginalis (Burm. f.) Kunth, and (2) the relationship between the electric conductivity (EC) of the soil solution and germination. Soil samples were collected at 4 sites in Japan. After flooded soils with rice bran had been incubated for 7 d at 30 C, the soil solution was collected using a porous cup and the EC of the soil solution was measured. The amounts of rice bran added to the soil were 0%, 0.3%, 0.6% and 0.9% (weight(w)/w). In the soil solution obtained, seeds of M. vaginalis were incubated for 3 d at 30 C, and the germination percentage was then analyzed. The addition of rice bran suppressed germination, and the degree of suppression increased with increasing content of rice bran. Although the same amount of rice bran was applied to each soil, the degree of growth suppression by rice bran as well as the EC of the soil solution differed among the soils. In each soil, there was a positive correlation between the amount of rice bran and EC, and the degree of growth suppression significantly increased with an increase in EC. When EC was higher than 150 mS m À1, seeds of M. vaginalis hardly germinated. There was no significant correlation between the oxidation-reduction potential (Eh) of soil and seed germination, suggesting that EC is a more reliable and convenient indicator than Eh for evaluating the relationship between the addition of organic material and seed germination. In conclusion, the addition of rice bran to soil increases the EC of the soil solution, and EC is one of the factors that suppress the germination of M. vaginalis. The suppressive effect of rice bran on germination is different among soils. This fact is attributed to the difference in EC due to the addition of rice bran. Thus, it is expected that EC can be used as an indicator for determining how much rice bran to add.

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“…Benzoic acid gave the highest concentration among the 4 aromatic acids analyzed regardless of wheat straw incorporation. According to a previous paper (Tanaka et al 1990), the concentration of 2-phenylpropionic acid in the solution from a soil to which wheat straw had been incorporated was toxic to the root elongation of rice seedlings.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently, some aromatic acids have been detected in paddy field soils under rice cultivation and their inhibitory effect on the growth of rice plant at a low concentration was demonstrated (Tanaka et al 1990). However methods for the quantitative analysis of those aromatic acids in the soil solution from paddy fields have not been reported.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification and evaluation of toxicity of rice root elongation inhibitors in flooded soils with added wheat straw

Cited by 48 publications

References 5 publications

Seasonal Changes in N2 Fixation Activity and N Enrichment in Paddy Soils as Affected by Soil Management in the Northern Area of Japan

Seasonal Changes in N2 Fixation Activity and N Enrichment in Paddy Soils as Affected by Soil Management in the Northern Area of Japan

Suppressive effect of rice bran incorporation in paddy soil on germination ofMonochoria vaginalisand its relationship with electric conductivity

Method of determination of some aromatic acids in soil solution from paddy fields by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry

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