Identification and exploitation of novel disease resistance genes in sugar beet

Francis, Sally; Luterbacher, M. C.

doi:10.1002/ps.569

Cited by 29 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…However, collectively they have the lowest potential as resistance sources; mean RS values ranged from 4.5 to 7.7. Despite this, high levels of heterogeneity in resistance were observed, perhaps as a result of the species' relatively widespread distribution and geographical variation in the prevalence of diseases (Francis & Luterbacher, 2003), and high resistance (RS ≤ 2) was detected, albeit at a low frequency (1-12%).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 81%

Sources of resistance to diseases of sugar beet in related Beta germplasm: I. Foliar diseases

et al. 2004

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Resistance to four foliar diseases of sugar beet (Beta vulgaris ssp. vulgaris), virus yellows caused by Beet mild yellowing virus (BMYV) and Beet yellows virus (BYV), powdery mildew (Erysiphe betae) and Cercospora leaf spot (Cercospora beticola), was assessed in up to 600 accessions of closely related wild and cultivated Beta species. Most accessions were from the Section Beta, a taxon containing types most closely related to, and sexually compatible with, sugar beet and therefore most valuable for use in crop improvement. Between 1–12% of accessions were highly resistant (resistance scores of ≤2 on an international standardised resistance scale of 1–9) to these diseases. These levels, however, underestimate the potential number of resistant sources available from this section as some accessions with intermediate mean resistance scores contained a significant proportion of highly resistant plants within segregating populations. Variation in resistance to all diseases except BYV was observed within the Section Beta. Much higher levels of resistance were observed, and more frequently, in more distantly related sections of the genus Beta. Accessions of the Section Corollinae were highly resistant to both viruses (>62% of accessions tested), but less so to Cercospora (15%) and they were very susceptible to powdery mildew. Section Procumbentes accessions were highly resistant to BMYV and Cercospora (100%) but less so to powdery mildew (50%) and BYV (20%). However, sexual incompatibility between these sections and sugar beet make utilisation of these sources impractical using conventional breeding methods

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 81%

Sources of resistance to diseases of sugar beet in related Beta germplasm: I. Foliar diseases

et al. 2004

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“…Great efforts are being made to identify novel sources of resistance in wild relatives and cultivated varieties for use in sugar beet improvement programs (Francis and Luterbacher 2003;Panella and Lewellen, 2006). A small number of studies are also focusing on the identification of sugar beet genes that are expressed in resistant or susceptible interactions with pests or pathogens (Herwig et al, 2002;Kloos et al, 2002;Larson et al, 2007;Nagendran and McGrath 2006;Nielsen et al, 1997;Puthoff and Smigocki 2007; The Institute for Genomic Research, Rockville, MD).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Recent advances in functional genomics for sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.) improvement: progress in determining the role of BvSTI in pest resistance in roots

et al. 2008

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To gain knowledge of root resistance mechanisms in sugar beet, Beta vulgaris L., our laboratory has been studying the interaction of sugar beet with its most devastating insect pest, the sugar beet root maggot (SBRM; Tetanops myopaeformis Roder). Damage from SBRM infestations is a serious problem and current control measures rely on environmentally damaging insecticides. We recently reported root-specific gene expression incited by SBRM feeding in a moderately resistant F1016 and a susceptible parental F1010 line. A cDNA expressed sequence tag (EST) coding for a serine (trypsin-type) protease inhibitor (BvSTI) was identified and investigated further here. BvSTI shares sequence similarity with a root-specific tomato gene whose expression is induced by insect feeding. Since serine proteases comprise the major digestive enzymes in root maggot midguts, we hypothesize BvSTI may be involved in resistance. To elucidate the functional role of BvSTI, its coding region was fused to the CaMV 35S promoter and constitutively expressed in sugar beet hairy roots and N. benthamiana plants. In BvSTItransformed F1010 hairy roots, trypsin inhibitory activity increased 2 to 4-fold. Using a polyacrylamide gel assay, new trypsin-like PI activity was detected in BvSTI-N. benthamiana plants. Since SBRM cannot be reared in vitro, two other insects that utilize serine digestive proteases, fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda) and tobacco hornworm (Manduca sexta), were screened for resistance. To date, we demonstrated that 1) fall armyworm will feed on sugar beet hairy roots and 2) tobacco hornworm fed BvSTI-N. benthamiana leaves had reduced weights and pupal sizes. These results suggest that BvSTI may contribute to the moderate resistance of F1016 roots to SBRM. Functional analysis of additional ESTs will further support efforts to characterize the components of sugar beet root resistance mechanisms.

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“…Due to the high cost of fungicidal control, the appearance of fungicide resistant C. beticola isolates (reviewed by Karaoglanidis & Ioannidis, 2010) and the need to increase sustainability of sugar beet cultivation, novel, strong and durable genetic resistances are urgently needed. In that respect, the disease resistance potential of wild Beta species is considered to be immense (Francis & Luterbach, 2003). Useful resistance within Beta species to several diseases including CLS has been reported (Francis & Luterbach, 2003; Weiland & Koch, 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In that respect, the disease resistance potential of wild Beta species is considered to be immense (Francis & Luterbach, 2003). Useful resistance within Beta species to several diseases including CLS has been reported (Francis & Luterbach, 2003; Weiland & Koch, 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The use of digital image analysis and real‐time PCR fine‐tunes bioassays for quantification of Cercospora leaf spot disease in sugar beet breeding

Coninck¹,

Amand²,

Delauré³

et al. 2011

Plant Pathology

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Cercospora leaf spot, caused by the fungus Cercospora beticola, is a major fungal sugar beet disease worldwide and the cause of significant yield losses. The disease is most successfully countered by the introduction of genetic tolerance into elite sugar beet hybrids. To this end, breeding programmes require high quality biological assays allowing discrimination of minor differences between plants within a segregating population. This study describes the successful implementation of image analysis software in the bioassays for quantification of necrotic lesions at different stages of C. beticola infection, allowing selection on minor phenotypic differences during the sugar beet breeding process for C. beticola resistance. In addition, a real-time PCR assay was developed for the quantification of C. beticola pathogen biomass in infected beet canopy. The use of both techniques, even in an early stage of infection, fine-tunes current bioassays, allowing more accurate and efficient selection of resistant breeding material.

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Identification and exploitation of novel disease resistance genes in sugar beet

Cited by 29 publications

References 24 publications

Sources of resistance to diseases of sugar beet in related Beta germplasm: I. Foliar diseases

Sources of resistance to diseases of sugar beet in related Beta germplasm: I. Foliar diseases

Recent advances in functional genomics for sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.) improvement: progress in determining the role of BvSTI in pest resistance in roots

The use of digital image analysis and real‐time PCR fine‐tunes bioassays for quantification of Cercospora leaf spot disease in sugar beet breeding

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