Identification and Expression Profile of Multiple Genes in Response to Magnesium Exposure in Culex quinquefasciatus Larvae

Abstract

Magnesium is crucial for baculovirus transmission in Culex nigripalpus (Theobald) and Culex quinquefasciatus (Say) larvae. However, the mechanistic role of magnesium in baculovirus transmission is unknown. To investigate the possible role of host response factors in baculovirus transmission, suppression subtractive hybridization was used to identify genes differentially transcribed after magnesium exposure in Cx. quinquefasciatus larvae. Suppression subtractive hybridization was performed in both directions enriching for cDNAs differentially transcribed between a nonmagnesium larval control and magnesium (15 mM MgSO4) treatment of Cx. quinquefasciatus larvae held for 1 h at 27 degrees C. Clones from differentially transcribed genes were evaluated by sequencing, and relative gene transcription levels were analyzed using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Target transcripts up/downregulated by magnesium included Cx. quinquefasciatus troponin C, isocitrate dehydrogenase, allergen, cytochrome b5, chymotrypsinogen, apolipophorins, tryptase gamma, carboxylesterase, prolylcarboxypeptidase, imaginal disc growth factor, aldehyde dehydrogenase, tropomyosin-1, chitotriosidase, heat shock protein 70 B2, inorganic phosphate cotransporter, and many other hypothetical protein genes. Magnesium can alter gene transcription in a vector mosquito population, and understanding this process can provide insight into the mechanistic role of magnesium in baculovirus transmission.

Relative gene expression, micronuclei formation, and ultrastructure alterations induced by heavy metal contamination in Pimelia latreillei (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) in an urban-industrial area of Alexandria, Egypt

“…Dou et al (2017) [ 54 ] and Cheng et al (2018) [ 55 ] reported that Hsp60 , Hsp70 , and Hsp90 transcripts were expressed throughout insect development, suggesting a development regulatory role. Elevation in Hsp mRNA levels in insects due to heavy metal pollution was reported by Shu et al (2011) [ 56 ] and Zhao et al (2010) [ 57 ]. Induction of Hsp60, Hsp70, and Hsp90 protects against environmental stresses [ 41 , 58 , 59 ], although in our study Hsp mRNA levels were upregulated in the tested insect sampled from the polluted site, particularly Hsp70 gene.…”