Identification and Functional Characterization of a Sigma Glutathione S-Transferase <i>CpGSTs2</i> Involved in λ-Cyhalothrin Resistance in the Codling Moth <i>Cydia pomonella</i>

Hu, Chao; Wei, Zihan; Li, Pei-Rong; Harwood, James D.; Li, Xiangyang; Yang, Xueqing

doi:10.1021/acs.jafc.0c05233

Cited by 27 publications

(25 citation statements)

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“…18,39 Specifically, the midgut is the largest detoxification and metabolic tissue, whereas the fat body and Malpighian tubules are important organs for the absorption, storage, and excretion of xenobiotics and thus play an important role in detoxification. 16,17 In this study, 12 CpGSTs are expressed mainly in the midgut, 2 genes are expressed at the highest levels in the fat body, and 5 genes are predominantly expressed in Malpighian tubules. These results are consistent with previous reports on P. xylostella, B. mori, N. lugens, and B. dorsalis, which showed high expression levels of partial GST genes in detoxification-related tissues.…”

Section: ■ Discussionmentioning

confidence: 64%

“…A susceptible strain (SS) of C. pomonella was maintained in the laboratory for more than 50 generations without exposure to any insecticides. 16 A field population (ZW_R), which has developed a moderate (16.97-fold) level of resistance to lambda-cyhalothrin, 15 and its resistant regression population ZW_S (1.53-fold) 17 were used in this study. A detailed description of the feeding method has been previously described by Wang et al 13 Technical-grade (purity >98%) lambda-cyhalothrin was purchased from Aladdin Reagent (Shanghai, China) and 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene (CDNB, purity ≥99%) was obtained from Sigma-Aldrich (Shanghai, China).…”

Section: ■ Materials and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…β-Actin (KC832921) and EF-1α (MN037793) were used as internal control genes in RT-qPCR. 15,17 Three biological and technological replicates were involved in this study. Nontemplate controls and nonreverse transcription controls were essential to ensure the reliability and authenticity of the results.…”

Section: ■ Materials and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Glutathione S-Transferase Genes are Involved in Lambda-Cyhalothrin Resistance in Cydia pomonella via Sequestration

Liu

Wang

et al. 2022

J. Agric. Food Chem.

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Pest management is mostly accomplished by the use of insecticides. However, the overuse of insecticides has led to the development of resistance. Glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) are vital detoxification enzymes involved in insecticide resistance in insects. In this study, we report the involvement of GSTs in insecticide resistance to lambda-cyhalothrin in Cydia pomonella, a globally quarantined fruit pest. A total of 25 GST, including 22 cytosolic genes and 3 microsomal genes, are identified from the genome database of C. pomonella. These cytosolic genes are further classified into six classes, including four in delta, eight in epsilon, three in omega, three in sigma, one in theta, and one in zeta class, as well as two unclassified genes. The real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) shows that the majority of these genes are mainly expressed throughout the larval stage and in the midgut of the fourth-instar larvae. Exposure to an LD10 dose of lambda-cyhalothrin resulted in the upregulation of 17 GST genes. Moreover, mRNA levels of most GST genes, with the exception of CpGSTe6, CpGSTd2, CpGSTd4, and CpGSTz1, are considerably higher in a lambda-cyhalothrin-resistant population (ZW_R) than those of susceptible strains. Recombinant CpGSTd1, CpGSTd3, CpGSTe3, and CpGSTs2 can bind and metabolize lambda-cyhalothrin, with the highest metabolic rate observed for CpGSTd3 but no metabolite(s) was detected, supporting the role of GSTs in sequestration of lambda-cyhalothrin. Molecular dynamics simulation analysis indicates that key residues of hydrophobic pocket-derived lipophilic energy S(lipo) interactions with a hydrophobic pharmacophore of lambda-cyhalothrin are crucial for metabolism by CpGSTd3 and further lead to resistance. Our study is the first to experimentally confirm the involvement of GSTs in lambda-cyhalothrin resistance via sequestration and provides new insights into resistance management in C. pomonella.

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Section: ■ Discussionmentioning

confidence: 64%

Section: ■ Materials and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Glutathione S-Transferase Genes are Involved in Lambda-Cyhalothrin Resistance in Cydia pomonella via Sequestration

Liu

Wang

et al. 2022

J. Agric. Food Chem.

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“…RNA interference-mediated knockdown of CYP6DC1 signi cantly increased the sensitivity of resistant strain to acetamiprid 54 . mRNA level of GSTs2 was signi cantly higher in a eld resistance population in Cydia pomonella, and further metabolic assays indicated that λ-cyhalothrin could be depleted by recombinant GSTs2 55 . Although the number of highly expressed detoxi cation enzyme genes in winged M. dirhodum is much less than that of winged individuals, several of these genes have also been con rm to be important in insecticide resistance.…”

Section: Detoxi Cation Genes Differentially Expressed Between Winged ...mentioning

confidence: 93%

A High-Quality Chromosome-Level Assembly Genome Provides Insights into Wing Dimorphism and Xenobiotic Detoxification in Metopolophium Dirhodum (Walker)

Zhu

Wei

Hua

et al. 2022

Preprint

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The rose-grain aphid, Metopolophium dirhodum (Walker) (Hemiptera: Aphididae) is one of the most important aphid pests of cereals worldwide. Some studies have examined the biological and ecological characteristics of M. dirhodum. However, the lack of genomic data limits in-depth studies for this organism. Here, we presented a chromosome-level genome assembly of M. dirhodum using PacBio long HiFi reads and Hi-C technology. The final genome assembly is 447.8 Mb, with 98.50% of the assembled sequences anchored into nine chromosomes. The contig and scaffold N50 values are 7.82 Mb and 37.54 Mb, respectively. 18,003 protein-coding genes were predicted, of which 92.05% were functionally annotated. Transcriptome sequencing was performed between wingless and winged M. dirhodum, and ecdysone signaling is identified to be involved in wing dimorphism. High titers of ecdysone may promote the expression of E74A, BR-C and FTZ-F1 through ECR, and then induce more wingless individuals. Many detoxification enzyme genes showed different expression patterns between wingless and winged M. dirhodum, indicating the wing dimorphism is accompanied by a parallel change of detoxification mechanism. These results may provide an important reference for understanding the evolution, wing dimorphism and detoxification metabolic of this organism or even other Aphid insects.

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“…13 Epsilon and delta classes are considered to be specific in insects and are reported to metabolize insecticides and confer resistance to many classes of insecticides. 14,15 GSTe4 is up-regulated in resistant populations of A. gambiae and Anopheles arabiensis, and plays a role in pyrethroid metabolism by insecticide sequestration. 16 In Cydia pomonella, lambda-cyhalothrin can induce the expression of CpGSTd1 and CpGSTd3, and is metabolized by the recombinant protein of CpGSTd1, CpGSTd3 and CpGSTe3.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

SlGSTE9 participates in the stability of chlorpyrifos resistance in Spodoptera litura

Xie

et al. 2021

Pest Management Science

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BACKGROUND: Spodoptera litura is an important agricultural pest and has developed serious resistance to multiple insecticides. The resistance level to several insecticides is reported to be unstable, but the mechanism is less reported.RESULTS: Chlorpyrifos and phoxim resistance level in a field-collected population of S. litura declined continuously from the first to the tenth generation and remained stable at the 11th and 12th generations without insecticide exposure. Synergist experiment showed that diethyl maleate and piperonyl butoxide significantly increased mortality to chlorpyrifos and phoxim in the first and sixth generations, but not in the 12th generation. The expression of 31 identified glutathione S-transferase (GST) genes in the third-instar larvae of S. litura in the first, sixth and 12th generations was determined, and eight genes were seen to decrease significantly in the sixth and 12th generations compared with the first generation. SlGSTe9 was selected for further functional study as it had higher abundance and significantly higher expression in the chlorpyrifos-resistant population than in the susceptible population. The recombinant protein of SlGSTE9 showed metabolism activity to chlorpyrifos in vitro and in Escherichia coli, but not to phoxim. Silencing of SlGSTe9 increased the cumulative mortality to chlorpyrifos significantly. SlGSTE9 also showed antioxidant activity to cumene hydroperoxide. CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that SlGSTe9 is directly involved in chlorpyrifos resistance stability, but not in phoxim. SlGSTE9 may also participate in insecticides resistance by relieving the oxidase stress induced by insecticides.

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Identification and Functional Characterization of a Sigma Glutathione S-Transferase CpGSTs2 Involved in λ-Cyhalothrin Resistance in the Codling Moth Cydia pomonella

Cited by 27 publications

References 44 publications

Glutathione S-Transferase Genes are Involved in Lambda-Cyhalothrin Resistance in Cydia pomonella via Sequestration

Glutathione S-Transferase Genes are Involved in Lambda-Cyhalothrin Resistance in Cydia pomonella via Sequestration

A High-Quality Chromosome-Level Assembly Genome Provides Insights into Wing Dimorphism and Xenobiotic Detoxification in Metopolophium Dirhodum (Walker)

SlGSTE9 participates in the stability of chlorpyrifos resistance in Spodoptera litura

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