Identification and functional characterization of the chloride channel gene, GsCLC-c2 from wild soybean

Wei, Peipei; Che, Benning; Shen, Like; Cui, Yiqing; Sheng-yan, WU; Cheng, Cong; Liu, Feng; Li, Man-Wah; Yu, Bingjun; Lam, Hon‐Ming

doi:10.1186/s12870-019-1732-z

Cited by 54 publications

(61 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…Glycine cyrtoloba is a wild soybean species native to saline soil in Australian beach, and a series of studies have demonstrated its high salt tolerance in terms of inhibiting Na + accumulation, photosynthetic activity, antioxidant activity, cyclic electron flow around PSI and excitation energy dissipation [23,[34][35][36]. In China, a halophytic soybean, Glycine soja, grows in coastal saline land in Yellow River Delta, and similar to Glycine cyrtoloba, Glycine soja also can effectively retard toxic ions accumulation and maintain high photosynthetic activity under salt stress [24,37,38]. In a recent study, we systematically illustrated salt tolerance in Glycine soja from the aspects of root ions flux, antioxidant system, osmotic regulation and photosynthesis [14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Salt adaptability in a halophytic soybean (Glycine soja) involves photosystems coordination

Bian

et al. 2020

BMC Plant Biol

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Background: Glycine soja is a halophytic soybean native to saline soil in Yellow River Delta, China. Photosystem I (PSI) performance and the interaction between photosystem II (PSII) and PSI remain unclear in Glycine soja under salt stress. This study aimed to explore salt adaptability in Glycine soja in terms of photosystems coordination. Results: Potted Glycine soja was exposed to 300 mM NaCl for 9 days with a cultivated soybean, Glycine max, as control. Under salt stress, the maximal photochemical efficiency of PSII (Fv/Fm) and PSI (△MR/MR 0 ) were significantly decreased with the loss of PSI and PSII reaction center proteins in Glycine max, and greater PSI vulnerability was suggested by earlier decrease in △MR/MR 0 than Fv/Fm and depressed PSI oxidation in modulated 820 nm reflection transients. Inversely, PSI stability was defined in Glycine soja, as △MR/MR 0 and PSI reaction center protein abundance were not affected by salt stress. Consistently, chloroplast ultrastructure and leaf lipid peroxidation were not affected in Glycine soja under salt stress. Inhibition on electron flow at PSII acceptor side helped protect PSI by restricting electron flow to PSI and seemed as a positive response in Glycine soja due to its rapid recovery after salt stress. Reciprocally, PSI stability aided in preventing PSII photoinhibition, as the simulated feedback inhibition by PSI inactivation induced great decrease in Fv/Fm under salt stress. In contrast, PSI inactivation elevated PSII excitation pressure through inhibition on PSII acceptor side and accelerated PSII photoinhibition in Glycine max, according to the positive and negative correlation of △MR/MR 0 with efficiency that an electron moves beyond primary quinone and PSII excitation pressure respectively.Conclusion: Therefore, photosystems coordination depending on PSI stability and rapid response of PSII acceptor side contributed to defending salt-induced oxidative stress on photosynthetic apparatus in Glycine soja. Photosystems interaction should be considered as one of the salt adaptable mechanisms in this halophytic soybean.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Salt adaptability in a halophytic soybean (Glycine soja) involves photosystems coordination

Bian

et al. 2020

BMC Plant Biol

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“…In other plants, many CLC genes are involved in anions transport and in the response to salt stress. For instance, the expression level of OsCLC-1 is upregulated in rice under NaCl stress [ 22 ]; PtrCLC genes are profoundly induced in orange by salt stress [ 23 ]; GmCLC1 has been found to enhanced salt tolerance in transgenic Arabidopsis seedlings by reducing the Cl − accumulation in shoots [ 36 ]; and GsCLC-c2 over-expression contributes to Cl − and NO 3 − homeostasis, and therefore confers the salt tolerance on wild soybean [ 37 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genome-wide identification and expression analysis of the CLC gene family in pomegranate (Punica granatum) reveals its roles in salt resistance

Liu

Zhao

et al. 2020

BMC Plant Biol

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Backgrounds Pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) is an important commercial fruit tree, with moderate tolerance to salinity. The balance of Cl− and other anions in pomegranate tissues are affected by salinity, however, the accumulation patterns of anions are poorly understood. The chloride channel (CLC) gene family is involved in conducting Cl−, NO3−, HCO3− and I−, but its characteristics have not been reported on pomegranate. Results In this study, we identified seven PgCLC genes, consisting of four antiporters and three channels, based on the presence of the gating glutamate (E) and the proton glutamate (E). Phylogenetic analysis revealed that seven PgCLCs were divided into two clades, with clade I containing the typical conserved regions GxGIPE (I), GKxGPxxH (II) and PxxGxLF (III), whereas clade II not. Multiple sequence alignment revealed that PgCLC-B had a P [proline, Pro] residue in region I, which was suspected to be a NO3−/H+ exchanger, while PgCLC-C1, PgCLC-C2, PgCLC-D and PgCLC-G contained a S [serine, Ser] residue, with a high affinity to Cl−. We determined the content of Cl−, NO3−, H2PO4−, and SO42− in pomegranate tissues after 18 days of salt treatments (0, 100, 200 and 300 mM NaCl). Compared with control, the Cl− content increased sharply in pomegranate tissues. Salinity inhibited the uptake of NO3− and SO42−, but accelerated H2PO4− uptake. The results of real-time reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR) revealed that PgCLC genes had tissue-specific expression patterns. The high expression levels of three antiporters PgCLC-C1, PgCLC-C2 and PgCLC-D in leaves might be contributed to sequestrating Cl− into the vacuoles. However, the low expression levels of PgCLCs in roots might be associated with the exclusion of Cl− from root cells. Also, the up-regulated PgCLC-B in leaves indicated that more NO3− was transported into leaves to mitigate the nitrogen deficiency. Conclusions Our findings suggested that the PgCLC genes played important roles in balancing of Cl− and NO3− in pomegranate tissues under salt stress. This study established a theoretical foundation for the further functional characterization of the CLC genes in pomegranate.

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“…In Arabidopsis plants, AtCLC genes are involved in salt tolerance [ 44 , 45 ]. Also, in wild soybean BB52, the GsCLC- C2 gene expresses in the roots and functions in Cl − sequestration in roots, which contributes to lowering Cl − transportation from roots to shoots [ 46 ]. Further studies are necessary to determine the physiological role of OsCLC2 in leaf sheath using OsCLC2 -knockout or overexpressed rice mutants and validate if the difference in OsCLC2 expression levels causes the genotypic variation in the Cl − removal ability in rice leaf sheaths.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tissue-specific expression analysis of Na+ and Cl− transporter genes associated with salt removal ability in rice leaf sheath

et al. 2020

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Background A significant mechanism of salt-tolerance in rice is the ability to remove Na+ and Cl− in the leaf sheath, which limits the entry of these toxic ions into the leaf blade. The leaf sheath removes Na+ mainly in the basal parts, and Cl− mainly in the apical parts. These ions are unloaded from the xylem vessels in the peripheral part and sequestered into the fundamental parenchyma cells at the central part of the leaf sheath. Results This study aimed to identify associated Na+ and Cl− transporter genes with this salt removal ability in the leaf sheath of rice variety FL 478. From 21 known candidate Na+ and Cl− transporter rice genes, we determined the salt responsiveness of the expression of these genes in the basal and apical parts, where Na+ or Cl− ions were highly accumulated under salinity. We also compared the expression levels of these transporter genes between the peripheral and central parts of leaf sheaths. The expression of 8 Na+ transporter genes and 3 Cl− transporter genes was up-regulated in the basal and apical parts of leaf sheaths under salinity. Within these genes, OsHKT1;5 and OsSLAH1 were expressed highly in the peripheral part, indicating the involvement of these genes in Na+ and Cl− unloading from xylem vessels. OsNHX2, OsNHX3, OsNPF2.4 were expressed highly in the central part, which suggests that these genes may function in sequestration of Na+ and Cl− in fundamental parenchyma cells in the central part of leaf sheaths under salinity. Furthermore, high expression levels of 4 candidate genes under salinity were associated with the genotypic variation of salt removal ability in the leaf sheath. Conclusions These results indicate that the salt removal ability in rice leaf sheath may be regulated by expressing various Na+ or Cl− transporter genes tissue-specifically in peripheral and central parts. Moreover, some genes were identified as candidates whose expression levels were associated with the genotypic variation of salt removal ability in the leaf sheath. These findings will enhance the understanding of the molecular mechanism of salt removal ability in rice leaf sheath, which is useful for breeding salt-tolerant rice varieties.

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Identification and functional characterization of the chloride channel gene, GsCLC-c2 from wild soybean

Cited by 54 publications

References 49 publications

Salt adaptability in a halophytic soybean (Glycine soja) involves photosystems coordination

Salt adaptability in a halophytic soybean (Glycine soja) involves photosystems coordination

Genome-wide identification and expression analysis of the CLC gene family in pomegranate (Punica granatum) reveals its roles in salt resistance

Tissue-specific expression analysis of Na+ and Cl− transporter genes associated with salt removal ability in rice leaf sheath

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