Identification and functional characterization of squalene epoxidases and oxidosqualene cyclases from Tripterygium wilfordii

Liu, Yuan; Hu, Tianyuan; Lü, Yun; Gao, Linhui; Tu, Lichan; Gao, Jie; Huang, Luqi; Gao, Wei

doi:10.1007/s00299-019-02499-7

Cited by 25 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…In the biosynthesis pathways of triterpenes and sterols in the plant, β-amyrin is biosynthesized using squalene as substrate via intermediate oxidosqualene, which are catalyzed by SQE and oxidosqualene cyclase ( 36 , 37 ). This process would not be happened in the present in-vitro experimental system, in which SQE and oxidosqualene cyclase are absent.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extraction of Squalene From Tea Leaves (Camellia sinensis) and Its Variations With Leaf Maturity and Tea Cultivar

et al. 2022

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Squalene is a precursor of steroids with diverse bioactivities. Tea was previously found to contain squalene, but its variation between tea cultivars remains unknown. In this study, tea leaf squalene sample preparation was optimized and the squalene variation among 30 tea cultivars was investigated. It shows that squalene in the unsaponified tea leaf extracts was well separated on gas chromatography profile. Saponification led to a partial loss of squalene in tea leaf extract and so it is not an essential step for preparing squalene samples from tea leaves. The tea leaf squalene content increased with the maturity of tea leaf and the old leaves grown in the previous year had the highest level of squalene among the tested samples. The squalene levels in the old leaves of the 30 tested cultivars differentiated greatly, ranging from 0.289 to 3.682 mg/g, in which cultivar “Pingyun” had the highest level of squalene. The old tea leaves and pruned littering, which are not used in tea production, are an alternative source for natural squalene extraction.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extraction of Squalene From Tea Leaves (Camellia sinensis) and Its Variations With Leaf Maturity and Tea Cultivar

et al. 2022

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“…In practice, the chassis cells are often modified as per the requirement, which entails embedding, replacing, or deleting genes or gene modules. Standard chassis cells include microbial cells, such as E. coli, B. subtilis, yeast , Pseudomonas, and Mycoplasma ( Yan et al, 2018 ; Jores et al, 2019 ; Zhuang and Qi, 2019 ; Liang et al, 2020 ; Liu et al, 2020 ). For example, the deletion of 581.9–814.4 non-essential gene sequence of B. subtilis by gene degeneration method mitigated the guanosine and thymidine production ( Li et al, 2016 ; Liu et al, 2018a ; Cui et al, 2018 ).…”

Section: Development Of B Subtilis As a Chassismentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in Enhanced Menaquinone-7 Production From Bacillus subtilis

Liao

Ayansola

et al. 2021

Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol.

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The production of nutraceutical compounds through biosynthetic approaches has received considerable attention in recent years. For example, Menaquinone-7 (MK-7), a sub-type of Vitamin K2, biosynthesized from Bacillus subtilis (B. subtilis), proved to be more efficiently produced than the conventional chemical synthesis techniques. This is possible due to the development of B. subtilis as a chassis cell during the biosynthesis stages. Hence, it is imperative to provide insights on the B. subtilis membrane permeability modifications, biofilm reactors, and fermentation optimization as advanced techniques relevant to MK-7 production. Although the traditional gene-editing method of homologous recombination improves the biosynthetic pathway, CRISPR-Cas9 could potentially resolve the drawbacks of traditional genome editing techniques. For these reasons, future studies should explore the applications of CRISPRi (CRISPR interference) and CRISPRa (CRISPR activation) system gene-editing tools in the MK-7 anabolism pathway.

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“…Most of the enzymes involved in the phytosterol biosynthetic pathway have been characterized in different plant species ( Table 1 ). (1) Squalene epoxidase (SQE) catalyzes the oxidation of squalene to squalene-2,3-oxide ( Rasbery et al, 2007 ; Pose et al, 2009 ; Unland et al, 2018 ; Liu et al, 2020a ). (2) Conversion of squalene-2,3-oxide into cycloartenol is catalyzed by a cycloartenol synthase ( Corey et al, 1993 ; Babiychuk et al, 2008 ; Gas-Pascual et al, 2014 ).…”

Section: Br Biosynthesis Pathwaysmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regulation of Brassinosteroid Homeostasis in Higher Plants

Wei

2020

Front. Plant Sci.

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Brassinosteroids (BRs) are known as one of the major classes of phytohormones essential for various processes during normal plant growth, development, and adaptations to biotic and abiotic stresses. Significant progress has been achieved on revealing mechanisms regulating BR biosynthesis, catabolism, and signaling in many crops and in model plant Arabidopsis . It is known that BRs control plant growth and development in a dosage-dependent manner. Maintenance of BR homeostasis is therefore critical for optimal functions of BRs. In this review, updated discoveries on mechanisms controlling BR homeostasis in higher plants in response to internal and external cues are discussed.

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Identification and functional characterization of squalene epoxidases and oxidosqualene cyclases from Tripterygium wilfordii

Cited by 25 publications

References 39 publications

Extraction of Squalene From Tea Leaves (Camellia sinensis) and Its Variations With Leaf Maturity and Tea Cultivar

Extraction of Squalene From Tea Leaves (Camellia sinensis) and Its Variations With Leaf Maturity and Tea Cultivar

Advances in Enhanced Menaquinone-7 Production From Bacillus subtilis

Regulation of Brassinosteroid Homeostasis in Higher Plants

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