Identification and Linkage of Tarballs from the Coasts of Vancouver Island and Northern California Using GC/MS and Isotopic Techniques

Wang, Zhendi; Fingas, Merv; Landriault, Michael; Sigouin, L.; Castle, Bill; Hostetter, David; Zhang, Dachung; Spencer, Brad

doi:10.1002/(sici)1521-4168(19980701)21:7<383::aid-jhrc383>3.0.co;2-3

Cited by 45 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…For example, as Figure 4 shows, the ratios for the unknown tarball samples collected from the coasts of British Columbia (BC) and California (CA) in 1996 and Newfoundland in 1997 also fell in the ratio range for Bunker C type fuels, implying that these tarballs might be from a source of heavy fuels. A comprehensive study using GC/MS and isotopic techniques has revealed that the tarball samples from BC and CA were chemically similar, and both were originated from bunker type fuels (30).…”

Section: Combining Eqs 1-4 Yieldsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative Characterization of PAHs in Burn Residue and Soot Samples and Differentiation of Pyrogenic PAHs from Petrogenic PAHs−The 1994 Mobile Burn Study

Wang¹,

Fingas²,

Shu³

et al. 1999

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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282

168

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Several mesoscale burns were conducted in 1994 in Mobile Bay, AL, to study various aspects of diesel fuel burning in situ. The target PAHs in the diesel, residue, and soot samples collected during each burn were quantitatively characterized by GC/MS. A simple model based on mass balance of individual petroleum PAHs pre-and postburn was proposed to estimate the destruction efficiencies of the total petroleum PAHs. This study demonstrates the following: (1) Distributions of PAHs in the original diesel and soot were very different. (2) The average destruction efficiencies for the total target diesel PAHs including five alkylated PAH series and other EPA priority unsubstituted PAHs were greater than 99%. (3) Using the model, 27.3 kg of the diesel PAHs were destroyed for each 1000 kg of diesel burned. These were mostly two-and three-ring PAHs and their alkylated homologues. (4) Combustion also generated trace amounts of high molecular weight fiveand six-ring PAHs as well as the four-ring benz[a]anthracene. But the total mass of these pyrogenic PAHs was found to be extremely low: only 0.016, 0.032, and 0.048 kg of the five-and six-ring PAHs were generated by combustion in the three different scenarios for each 1000 kg of diesel burned. From these points, we conclude that in situ burning is an effective measure to minimize the impact of an oil spill on the environment, greatly reducing exposure of ecosystems to the PAHs of spilled oils. A new "pyrogenic index", Σ(other three-to six-ring PAHs)/Σ(five alkylated PAHs), is proposed (see the text for the definition) as a quantitative indicator for identification of pyrogenic PAHs and for differentiating pyrogenic and petrogenic PAHs. Also, this index is demonstrated to be a useful tool for distinguishing heavy fuels from crude oils and light refined products. This method, combined with other criteria, is expected to be applicable to such situations as oil spill investigations, site assessment, and apportioning of legal responsibility for pollution cleanup.

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Section: Combining Eqs 1-4 Yieldsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative Characterization of PAHs in Burn Residue and Soot Samples and Differentiation of Pyrogenic PAHs from Petrogenic PAHs−The 1994 Mobile Burn Study

Wang¹,

Fingas²,

Shu³

et al. 1999

Environ. Sci. Technol.

Self Cite

282

168

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…The ratios nC17/pristane and nC18/phytane have frequently been applied in studies of biodegradation, because of the much lower susceptibility of branched alkanes toward degradation (6,7). The ratios of 3-methylphenanthrene (3-MP) versus 2-methylphenanthrene (2-MP) and 4-methyldibenzothiophene (4-MDBT) versus 2-/3-methyldibenzothiophene (2-/3-MDBT), have to some extent been applied in studies of biodegradation (8,9). For these compounds, 2-MP and 4-MDBT have a somewhat lower susceptibility to microbial degradation compared to 3-MP and 2-/3-MDBT, respectively.…”

Section: Biodegradationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of Multivariate Data Analysis for Assessing the Early Fate of Petrogenic Compounds in the Marine Environment Following the Baltic Carrier Oil Spill

Christensen¹

2002

Polycyclic Aromatic Compounds

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“…Also, 2-/3-m-DBT is found to be the most easily biodegraded of the isomeric m-DBT series (24)(25)(26). Changes in the diagnostic ratios of these source-specific isomeric PAH have been used for source identification (26,27) and differentiation of physically weathered and biodegraded oils (24,25). This results in a decrease of the ratio of 2-/3-to 4-m-DBT and a slight increase of the ratio of 1-to 4-m-DBT.…”

Section: Figure 3 Gc/sim/ms Distribution Chromatograms Of Alkylated mentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of the 25-Year-Old Nipisi Oil Spill: Persistence of Oil Residues and Comparisons between Surface and Subsurface Sediments

Wang

Fingas

Blenkinsopp

et al. 1998

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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113

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During the years 1970-1972 the Nipisi, Rainbow, and Old Peace River pipeline spills occurred in the Lesser Slave Lake area of northern Alberta. The Nipisi spill was by far the largest of the three spills and is also one of the largest land spills in Canadian history. The most recent field survey was conducted in 1995 in order to determine which cleanup methods were most successful and to provide up-todate information about any changes in residual oil and vegetative recovery 25 years after the spills. The comprehensive chemical analysis data of the Nipisi samples indicate that (a) the Nipisi samples can be categorized into three groups plus the background group, according to the contamination level and degradation degree of the samples; (b) degradation of residual oil of surface samples (0-4 cm) had clearly occurred, and the weathered percentages of this group of samples were estimated to be in the range of 15-43%; (c) subsurface samples (10-40 cm) exhibited great quantities of oil even 25 years after the spills, indicating that the natural recovery rates were slow for this group of samples; (d) the extent of contamination and degree of degradation correlated strongly with sample depth; (e) oil trends were similar across the site, even though different treatments had been used after the spill at the site.

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Identification and Linkage of Tarballs from the Coasts of Vancouver Island and Northern California Using GC/MS and Isotopic Techniques

Cited by 45 publications

References 29 publications

Quantitative Characterization of PAHs in Burn Residue and Soot Samples and Differentiation of Pyrogenic PAHs from Petrogenic PAHs−The 1994 Mobile Burn Study

Quantitative Characterization of PAHs in Burn Residue and Soot Samples and Differentiation of Pyrogenic PAHs from Petrogenic PAHs−The 1994 Mobile Burn Study

Application of Multivariate Data Analysis for Assessing the Early Fate of Petrogenic Compounds in the Marine Environment Following the Baltic Carrier Oil Spill

Study of the 25-Year-Old Nipisi Oil Spill: Persistence of Oil Residues and Comparisons between Surface and Subsurface Sediments

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