Identification and measurement of 2,3‐butanediol in silage

Abstract

2,3-butanediol was identified in silage extracts using gas chromatography and mass spectrometry. It was present in stacks of untreated and formaldehyde-treated silage in concentrations of 2.4% of the dry matter.

Ethanol and 2,3‐butanediol production in whole‐crop rice silage

“…Only a small number of studies have reported 2,3butanediol production in silage. The ensiled materials were grass (Fennessy and Barry 1973;Barry 1975), whole-crop barley (Mathison et al 1981;Nia and Wittenberg 1999) and whole-crop rice (Nishino et al 2007) grown under conventional cultivation and management. The microorganisms associated with diol production have not been elucidated previously.…”

“…There is evidence that certain silage microorganisms can produce 2,3-butanediol from sugars and organic acids (McDonald et al 1991). However, only a few reports have actually determined the diol even in conventional crop silages (Fennessy and Barry 1973;Barry 1975;Mathison et al 1981;Nia and Wittenberg 1999). Production of 2,3-butanediol might be a distinctive feature of whole-crop rice silage; however, information is lacking and fermentation factors are largely unknown.…”

Utilization of 2,3-Butanediol by Sheep

“…The results of Fenton and Mathison (1980), Fennessy and Barry (1973) For personal use only. (Dawson and Hullin 1954a,b;Gabriel et al 1971;Holman et al 1979 …”

Determination of volatile carboxylic acids (C1–C5i) and lactic acid in aqueous acid extracts of silage by high performance liquid chromatography

“…detection at 210 nm. Four calibration standards were prepared by diluting a stock solution 20, 10 n-butyric, and 9.11 isovaleric. The external standard method was used to convert peak areas to concentrations, and duplicate analyses were made.…”