Identification and molecular characterization of
            <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>
            and multi‐drug resistant MRSA from monkey faeces in China

Yang, Li; Tang, Yuanyue; Ren, Jingwei; Huang, Jinlin; Li, Qiuchun; Ingmer, Hanne; Jiao, Xinan

doi:10.1111/tbed.13450

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…roterodami [ 37 ]. All array profiles were unique, with the exception of those of ST2990 that matched previously tested human isolates and of ST3268, which was already known from previously characterised simian isolates [ 17 , 18 , 21 , 22 ]. A comparison to the MLST profiles in the MLST database might indicate a possible relationship of ST7689 to ST2871 and ST3463.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…CC188-MRSA is found among humans in South-East Asia, but ST3268 appeared to be a “new” clone. The presence of the latter lineage was also observed among captive macaques from Singapore (with ST2817 being a single locus variant of ST3268) [ 17 ] and China [ 22 ]. Interestingly, it carried an SCC mec element apparently very similar to the one in the common “European” livestock-associated MRSA (LA-MRSA) clone (CC398-MRSA-VT) [ 18 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…There have now been studies of both methicillin-susceptible S. aureus (MSSA) and methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) isolated from monkeys, apes, and lemurs from zoos, research centres, wildlife sanctuaries, and the wild [ 9 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 ]. This raises the question of which other, possibly unknown lineages of S. aureus might be associated with wild monkeys, including macaques.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sequence Analysis of Novel Staphylococcus aureus Lineages from Wild and Captive Macaques

Monecke

Roberts

Diezel

et al. 2022

IJMS

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Staphylococcus aureus is a widespread and common opportunistic bacterium that can colonise or infect humans as well as a wide range of animals. There are a few studies of both methicillin-susceptible S. aureus (MSSA) and methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) isolated from monkeys, apes, and lemurs, indicating a presence of a number of poorly or unknown lineages of the pathogen. In order to obtain insight into staphylococcal diversity, we sequenced strains from wild and captive individuals of three macaque species (Macaca mulatta, M. assamensis, and M. sylvanus) using Nanopore and Illumina technologies. These strains were previously identified by microarray as poorly or unknown strains. Isolates of novel lineages ST4168, ST7687, ST7688, ST7689, ST7690, ST7691, ST7692, ST7693, ST7694, ST7695, ST7745, ST7746, ST7747, ST7748, ST7749, ST7750, ST7751, ST7752, ST7753, and ST7754 were sequenced and characterised for the first time. In addition, isolates belonging to ST2990, a lineage also observed in humans, and ST3268, a MRSA strain already known from macaques, were also included into the study. Mobile genetic elements, genomic islands, and carriage of prophages were analysed. There was no evidence for novel host-specific virulence factors. However, a conspicuously high rate of carriage of a pathogenicity island harbouring edinB and etD2/etE as well as a higher number of repeat units within the gene sasG (encoding an adhesion factor) than in human isolates were observed. None of the strains harboured the genes encoding Panton–Valentine leukocidin. In conclusion, wildlife including macaques may harbour an unappreciated diversity of S. aureus lineages that may be of clinical relevance for humans, livestock, or for wildlife conservation, given the declining state of many wildlife populations.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sequence Analysis of Novel Staphylococcus aureus Lineages from Wild and Captive Macaques

Monecke

Roberts

Diezel

et al. 2022

IJMS

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“…Finally, a MRSA lineage associated with imported macaques ( Macaca sp . ), ST3268/ST2817, was identified in the USA, China, and Singapore ( Soge et al., 2016 ; Hsu et al., 2017 ; Roberts et al., 2018 ; Li et al., 2020 ) in which a S. roterodami -like gmk allele ( gmk -214) is present, among other MLST alleles that could be derived from S. aureus CC45.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Description of Staphylococcal Strains from Straw-Coloured Fruit Bat (Eidolon helvum) and Diamond Firetail (Stagonopleura guttata) and a Review of their Phylogenetic Relationships to Other Staphylococci

Monecke

Schaumburg

Shittu

et al. 2022

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

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The phylogenetic tree of the Staphylococcus aureus complex consists of several distinct clades and the majority of human and veterinary S. aureus isolates form one large clade. In addition, two divergent clades have recently been described as separate species. One was named Staphylococcus argenteus, due to the lack of the “golden” pigment staphyloxanthin. The second one is S. schweitzeri, found in humans and animals from Central and West Africa. In late 2021, two additional species, S. roterodami and S. singaporensis, have been described from clinical samples from Southeast Asia. In the present study, isolates and their genome sequences from wild Straw-coloured fruit bats (Eidolon helvum) and a Diamond firetail (Stagonopleura guttata, an estrildid finch) kept in a German aviary are described. The isolates possessed staphyloxanthin genes and were closer related to S. argenteus and S. schweitzeri than to S. aureus. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that they were nearly identical to both, S. roterodami and S. singaporensis. We propose considering the study isolates, the recently described S. roterodami and S. singaporensis as well as some Chinese strains with MLST profiles stored in the PubMLST database as different clonal complexes within one new species. According to the principle of priority we propose it should be named S. roterodami. This species is more widespread than previously believed, being observed in West Africa, Southeast Asia and Southern China. It has a zoonotic connection to bats and has been shown to be capable of causing skin and soft tissue infections in humans. It is positive for staphyloxanthin, and it could be mis-identified as S. aureus (or S. argenteus) using routine procedures. However, it can be identified based on distinct MLST alleles, and “S. aureus” sequence types ST2470, ST3135, ST3952, ST3960, ST3961, ST3963, ST3965, ST3980, ST4014, ST4075, ST4076, ST4185, ST4326, ST4569, ST6105, ST6106, ST6107, ST6108, ST6109, ST6999 and ST7342 belong to this species.

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“…All samples were subjected to S. aureus isolation within 24 h, according to the literature previously described by Li et al (2020).…”

Section: Staphylococcus Aureus Isolation and Identificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

The prevalence of Staphylococcus aureus and the emergence of livestock-associated MRSA CC398 in pig production in eastern China

Zheng,

Jiang,

Wang

et al. 2023

Front. Microbiol.

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Livestock-associated Staphylococcus aureus (LA-MRSA) has been of increasing concern due to its potential risk to humans. This study investigated the prevalence of MRSA in pig production in Eastern China and determined the genomic characteristics of pig-associated MRSA isolates by whole-genome sequencing (WGS). A total of 1,318 samples were collected from pig farms and pig slaughterhouses, and 150 S. aureus were identified, including 63 MRSA isolates and 87 MSSA isolates. MRSA was detected in all pig farms and pig slaughterhouses. The antimicrobial susceptibility test revealed that all MRSA isolates were multidrug-resistant. The WGS and MLST analysis demonstrated that 56 MRSA isolates belonged to clonal complex (CC) 398, and seven MRSA isolates belonged to CC9. All LA-MRSA isolates were absent of phiSa3 phage containing immune evasion cluster (IEC) and possessed an intact hlb gene. In addition, genes associated with Panton-Valentine leukocidin, typically indicative of human adaptation, were not detected. The analysis of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) demonstrated that all MRSA isolates contained multiple ARGs. All MRSA isolates had Plthe mecA gene and at least one tetracycline resistance gene. Both tetM and tetK were detected in all MRSA CC398 isolates, while tetL was detected in all MRSA CC9 isolates. The phenicol resistance gene fexA was detected in 51 MRSA isolates, while the linezolid resistance gene cfr was detected in 60 MRSA isolates. The emergence of LA-MRSA CC398 in four pig farms and one slaughterhouse in this study indicates the spread of this clonal complex in the pig production sector in Eastern China. Further investigations are required to understand the potential transmission routes of LA-MRSA CC398 within the pork production chain in China and to assess the potential risks to humans.

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Identification and molecular characterization of Staphylococcus aureus and multi‐drug resistant MRSA from monkey faeces in China

Cited by 6 publications

References 36 publications

Sequence Analysis of Novel Staphylococcus aureus Lineages from Wild and Captive Macaques

Sequence Analysis of Novel Staphylococcus aureus Lineages from Wild and Captive Macaques

Description of Staphylococcal Strains from Straw-Coloured Fruit Bat (Eidolon helvum) and Diamond Firetail (Stagonopleura guttata) and a Review of their Phylogenetic Relationships to Other Staphylococci

The prevalence of Staphylococcus aureus and the emergence of livestock-associated MRSA CC398 in pig production in eastern China

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