Identification and Morphological Description of Chestnut Cultivars of the Region of Verín-Monterrei (Ourense, Spain)

Queijeiro, José Manuel García; Blanco, D.; Montaña, J. De la; Miguez, María B.

doi:10.17660/actahortic.2005.693.35

Cited by 4 publications

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“…In the last few decades, different molecular markers and isozymes have been used to characterize and distinguish sweet chestnut varieties [32,33,39,[44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51][52]. Nevertheless, morphological characteristics [49,[53][54][55][56][57] and/or chemical composition [6][7][8][9][10]12,15,34,48,[58][59][60] have been widely used for descriptive purposes and are also commonly used to distinguish sweet chestnut varieties. In our previous study, we used microsatellites [42,43,61] and morphological and chemical markers [35] to characterize the traditional Croatian variety of the sweet chestnut known as the 'Lovran Marron'.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Traditional Sweet Chestnut and Hybrid Varieties: Chemical Composition, Morphometric and Qualitative Nut Characteristics

et al. 2021

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The chemical composition, morphometric and qualitative nut characteristics were studied in four traditional sweet chestnut and hybrid varieties produced on private estates in the Lovran surroundings, on the eastern slopes of Mount Učka, under the specific conditions of the sub-Mediterranean climate. Seven morphological characteristics were measured, and 12 nut and kernel qualitative characteristics were estimated using standardized descriptors. In addition, the samples were analyzed for proximate constituents (moisture, crude fat, crude protein, ash and total carbohydrates) and macro- and micro-nutrients (K, Mg, Ca, Na, Mn, Fe, Zn and Cu). Significant differences between traditional sweet chestnut and hybrid varieties were found in almost all of the studied morphometric and chemical nut characteristics. In general, chestnuts of hybrid varieties were characterized by larger fruits with higher moisture, crude protein, potassium, magnesium, sodium, iron and copper contents than in traditional sweet chestnut varieties. On the other hand, nuts of traditional sweet chestnut varieties were richer in total carbohydrates and crude fat. In addition, the presence of raised stripes, a small hilar scar and transversally ellipsoid nut shape were found to be typical for the traditional sweet chestnut varieties. Overall, our results suggest that the traditional varieties of the sweet chestnut can be easily differentiated from the new modern hybrid varieties by both morphological and chemical characteristics of the nut, and because of these differences, these two groups of chestnut varieties can have different practical uses.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Traditional Sweet Chestnut and Hybrid Varieties: Chemical Composition, Morphometric and Qualitative Nut Characteristics

et al. 2021

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“…Studies of the morphological characteristics and/or chemical composition of the fruits for traditional or more recently selected cultivars of the sweet chestnut have been conducted in diff erent countries: Italy (24-29), Spain (10,(30)(31)(32)(33)(34)(35)(36)(37)(38)(39)(40)(41)(42), Switzerland (43)(44)(45), Portugal (46)(47)(48)(49)(50)(51) and Turkey (52,53). De Vasconcelos et al (54) analyzed literature data for Portugal, Spain, Italy and Greece.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphological Characterization and Chemical Composition of Fruits of the Traditional Croatian Chestnut Variety 'Lovran Marron'

Poljak

Vahčić

Gačić

et al. 2016

Food Technol. Biotechnol.

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Summary'Lovran Marron' is the only known traditional Croatian variety of the sweet chestnut. The objective of this study is to specify qualitative and quantitative morphological characteristics and to analyze the chemical composition of the 'Lovran Marron' fruits as well as to compare them to Marušnjak fruits (trees from the 'Lovran Marron' seed) and fruits from the local natural sweet chestnut population. Seven morphological characteristics were measured: fruit mass, height, width and thickness, scar length and width, and the length of the longest intrusion of the seed coat into the kernel. Eight qualitative characteristics were estimated: embryony, degree of penetration of the seed coat into the kernel, fruit shape, glossiness and colour, kernel colour, hairiness towards the top of the fruit and the existence of longitudinal stripes. 'Lovran Marron' has desirable qualitative and quantitative fruit characteristics. The Marušnjak trees mostly have intermediate morphological traits of fruits in comparison with 'Lovran Marron' and trees from the natural population. 'Lovran Marron' had the smallest mass fractions on average of: K, Mg, Ca, Na, Mn, Cu and Fe. The highest mass fractions on average of these macro-and microelements were characteristic of the trees from the natural population. The highest average content of carbohydrates was recorded in the 'Lovran Marron' and the lowest in the fruits from the natural population. The Marušnjak fruits had intermediate water, protein, ash, carbohydrates, and macro-and microelement content. The content of Cd and Pb was lower in all samples than the maximum allowed amounts in the sweet chestnut fruits.

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“…Many of the agronomic descriptions of chestnut cultivars, in the literature, were made in situ, on trees of different ages, situated in different environments (Bassi and Pellegrino, 1991;Pereira-Lorenzo et al, 1996a, 1996b, 2001Pereira-Lorenzo and Fernández-López, 1997a;Díaz Hernández, 2002;Pereira-Lorenzo and Ramos-Cabrer, 2003;RamosCabrer et al, 2003;Queijeiro et al, 2006;Ertan, 2007;Martín et al, 2007). However, most of the characters of interest are quantitative characters that are greatly affected by environmental factors and therefore in situ characterizations are used as a prior step in characterization of a collection, in which decisions are made as regards which ortets to include in the collections.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphological and phenological description of 38 sweet chestnut cultivars (Castanea sativa Miller) in a contemporary collection

Furones-Pérez¹,

Fernández-López²

2009

Span. j. agric. res.

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Thirty eight traditional chestnut cultivars, from a contemporary collection, were described using nine characteristics, seven of which are included in the guidelines for carrying out tests of distinctness, homogeneity and stability of chestnut established by the International Union for the Protection of New Varieties of Plants (UPOV). The nine variables were chosen from among 13 characteristics evaluated in the collection with regard to the criteria for distinctness, uniformity and stability. The evaluations were carried out over the years 2003, 2004 and 2005, in two plantations, situated in the northwest of the Iberian Peninsula. Each mean value obtained for each cultivar, plantation and year were assigned a state and numerical number using the UPOV system or proposed new descriptors. No cultivar showed a very late time of leaf bud burst nor a very late time for the start of male and female flowering, nor a strong penetration of the seed coat into embryo. In five variables there was no or few differences among years and between plantations. Consequently they can be evaluated at one site in one year. These characters were: filament length of male flowers, percent of chestnuts with a split pericarp, the degree of penetration of the seed coat into the embryo, fruit shape and the ratio of hilum length to hilum width. Of the remaining four variables, three were phenological (time of leaf bud burst, time of beginning of male and female flowering) and one related to fruit size (size of fruit hilum). They varied among years and between plantations and consequently need to be evaluated under contrasting site conditions for a minimum number of years.Additional key words: cultivated varieties, descriptor, genetic resources, UPOV. Resumen Descripción morfológica y fenológica de una colección de 38 cultivares de castaño (Castanea sativa Miller)Se describen 38 cultivares tradicionales de castaño de una colección coetánea utilizando nueve características, siete de ellas incluidas en la guía de la International Union for the Protection of New Varieties of Plants (UPOV). Las evaluaciones se realizaron durante tres años sucesivos, 2003, 2004 y 2005, en dos plantaciones, Agrovello y Sergude, situadas en el Noroeste de la Península Ibérica. A cada uno de los valores medios obtenidos para cada cultivar, sitio y año se les asignó un estadio y una nota numérica utilizando las escalas UPOV o bien las propuestas por nosotros para nuevas características. Ningún cultivar presenta brotación ni floración masculina y femenina muy tardía, así como tampoco penetración del tegumento en el embrión de tipo fuerte. Cinco variables presentaron poca o ninguna diferencia entre años ni entre plantaciones y por lo tanto, su evaluación se puede hacer en un solo sitio, sólo un año. Estas variables fueron la longitud del filamento de la flor masculina, el porcentaje de castañas con el pericarpio reventado, el grado de penetración del tegumento en el embrión, la forma de la castaña y la relación entre la longitud y el ancho del hilum. Las restante...

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Identification and Morphological Description of Chestnut Cultivars of the Region of Verín-Monterrei (Ourense, Spain)

Cited by 4 publications

References 0 publications

Traditional Sweet Chestnut and Hybrid Varieties: Chemical Composition, Morphometric and Qualitative Nut Characteristics

Traditional Sweet Chestnut and Hybrid Varieties: Chemical Composition, Morphometric and Qualitative Nut Characteristics

Morphological Characterization and Chemical Composition of Fruits of the Traditional Croatian Chestnut Variety 'Lovran Marron'

Morphological and phenological description of 38 sweet chestnut cultivars (Castanea sativa Miller) in a contemporary collection

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