Identification and pathogenicity of Rhizoctonia solani AG-4 causing root rot on chickpea in Turkey

Abstract

In the 2016-17 growing seasons, surveys were conducted in the Isparta, Uşak, Kütahya and Denizli provinces of Turkey to identify the Rhizoctonia solani AG-4 associated with root and crown rot of chickpea. A total of 75 isolates of Rhizoctonia were obtained from surveyed areas. Visual diagnostic, isolation and microscopic observation identified the causal organism as R. solani. Sequence data of the ITS rDNA region confirmed the species identity and revealed that the anastomosis group of the 23 isolates were AG-4 HGII. The isolates were variable in their morphological characters. The sequences generated during this study were clustered in the same branch with the reference isolates of R. solani AG-4 HGII based on their ITS sequencing on chickpea and the isolate grouping was not related to their geographic origins or virulence pattern. Pathogenicity tests revealed that all AG-4 isolates were pathogenic on chickpea and the disease severity values of 23 isolates varied between 42.8% and 100%. Based on the virulence, the isolates were grouped into two categories: 5 of them exhibited moderately virulence and 18 of them exhibited highly virulence reaction on chickpea. The high virulent isolate level (>50% disease severity) was determined as 78.2% of all 23 isolates. This is the first report of R. solani AG-4 as a pathogen of chickpea in Turkey.

Characterization and pathogenicity of Rhizoctonia solani AG‐5 isolates obtained from chickpea in Turkey

“…So far, R. solani AG‐1, AG‐2–2, AG‐2‐2LP, AG‐2–3, AG‐3, AG‐4 and AG‐5 have been reported to be pathogenic on chickpea in the world (Cardenas et al, 2015; Dubey et al, 2011; Ganeshamoorthi & Dubey, 2013; Hwang et al, 2003; Mikhail et al, 2010; Youssef et al, 2010). In Turkey, the pathogenic variabilities of the chickpea isolates of R. solani AG‐4 and the BN Rhizoctonia AG‐K were revealed by Basbagci et al (2019) and Basbagci and Dolar (2020a). Rhizoctonia solani AG‐5 was reported by Tuncer and Erdiller (1990) and found to be pathogenic by Demirci et al (1999) on chickpea in Turkey.…”

“…ciceris , F. solani , F. acuminatum , F. moniliforme , F. sambucinum , F. equiseti , F. redolens , R. solani , M . phaseolina and Cylindrocarpon tonkinense have been reported as pathogens causing root rot and wilt on chickpea (Basbagci et al, 2019; Dolar, 1996; Dolar & Nirenberg, 1998; Soran, 1977; Tekeoğlu et al, 2017; Yücel & Güncü, 1991).…”

“…Fifty of them showed anastomosis reaction with the R. solani AG‐5 tester isolate (Figure 1c). The remaining 23 isolates were determined as R. solani AG‐4 and were published by Basbagci et al (2019). In Turkey, in the first study in which anastomosis groups of Rhizoctonia solani were determined on chickpea, the isolates were identified as R. solani AG‐5 (Tuncer & Erdiller, 1990).…”

The Competitive Potential of Different Trichoderma spp. to Control Rhizoctonia Root Rot Disease of Pepper (Capsicum annuum L.)

“…(Tuncer andEken, 2013 andYang et al, 2015). Basbagci et al, (2019), stated that ITS sequencing is a powerful tool for understanding and determining the relationship between R. solani anastomosis groups. However, grouping of the isolates was not related to their geographic origins or virulence pattern.…”

Bacterias endófitas y su efecto en la inducción de resistencia sistémica en el cultivo de frijol contra Rhizoctonia solani y Fusarium oxysporum

“…Todas las secuencias de ITS se compararon en busca de espacios y similitudes. Por otra parte, Basbagci et al (2019) identificó aislamientos de R. solani morfológicamente y los corroboró mediante secuenciación de la región ITS1 e ITS4 a partir de ADN genómico.…”