Identification and Quantification of para -Phenylenediamine in a Temporary Black Henna Tattoo

Brancaccio, Ronald R.; Brown, Lance; Chang, Young Tae; Fogelman, Joshua P.; Mafong, Erick A.; Cohen, David E.

doi:10.1053/ajcd.2002.30466

Cited by 123 publications

(106 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…However, for the purpose of temporary tattoos, brown-colored henna is often mixed with PPD to hasten drying and to achieve darker, black shades of colour [2,4,5]. Black henna is considered to cause the increas ing prevalence of contact dermatitis to tempo rary tattoos, particularly among adolescents and school children [6,7]. Para-phenylenediamine (PPD) is an oxidative chemical, frequently used as a permanent hair coloring agent.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The USA Food and Drug Administration (FDA) advises that para-phenylenediamine should not be applied on the skin and recommends that the practice of applying para-phenylenediamine-adulterated henna tattoos on skin should be stopped [7,11].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Allergy tests were performed in most patients, and hypersensitivity to henna itself was seldom demonstrated [11]. Sensitivity to other additives to henna, mostly to PPD, was more prevalent [6,7,12,[14][15][16][17]. Intensity of skin lesions may vary from eczema, erythema multiformelike reactions, to bullous contact dermatitis reactions [6,12,15,[18][19][20][21].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Henna tattoo contact dermatitis — a report of four cases and brief review of the selected literature

Prćić

Matić

Matić³

et al. 2011

Open Medicine

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AbstractTemporary henna tattoos have recently become increasingly popular, especially among teenagers. Combining henna with other colouring agents such as para-phenylenediamine (PPD) may increase its potential for contact sensitization, cross-reaction to related compounds, as well as life-long allergy. Several cases of contact dermatitis from temporary tattoos with black henna have been reported in the literature. We present our experiences with 4 pediatric cases of allergic contact dermatitis induced by henna tattooing and give a brief review of the literature. The agent responsible for contact allergy was proven to be PPD in 3 patients, and in one patch testing revealed positive reactions to PPD and benzocaine, as well as to wool alcohols, nickel sulphate and potassium dichromate, to previously used hair dye—all being of clinical relevance.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Henna tattoo contact dermatitis — a report of four cases and brief review of the selected literature

Prćić

Matić

Matić³

et al. 2011

Open Medicine

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“…Pure henna is a plant extract from Lawsonia inermis, a member of the Lythraceae family. Adverse reactions to henna are extremely rare, although life-threatening haemolysis has been reported in individuals with glucose-6-phospate dehydrogenase deficiency [2,3]. The recent introduction of 'black henna', which contains the synthetic aniline derivative Para-Phenylenediamine (PPD), has created a significant public health issue due to the risk of hypersensitivity reactions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temporary Tattoos with Lasting Consequences

Swan¹

2015

J Allergy Ther

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Abstract:Body art and tattoos have become a ubiquitous part of modern culture and the popularity and availability of unregulated temporary henna-based tattoos has increased. The addition of para-phenylenediamine to natural henna makes the tattoo set quicker and gives a darker coloration; however, it is a potent allergen. We describe the case of an 11 year old girl who developed a Type IV delayed-type hypersensitivity reaction to a black henna tattoo. This case highlights the importance of public education about potent allergens that may be encountered in products such as henna tattoos.

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“…Because PPD is a powerful and well known allergen its use is allowed in the EU for hair dyes in a maximum concentration of 6% free base in the final product (1). The same directive forbids the use of PPD for dying lashes, eyebrows, or skin.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temporary Henna Tattoos - New Aspects of Allergy to Para--Phenylene Diamine

Kazandjieva¹

2008

JofIMAB

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SUMMARY:Para-phenylene diamine is a powerful and well known allergen. Nevertheless PPD is widely used for the making of temporary henna tattoos. It is added to the henna paste and afterwards applied directly onto the skin. This way the popular henna tattoos may cause allergic reactions. We present two patients with allergic reactions due to temporary henna tattoos. Patch testing showed a strongly positive reaction to paraphenylene diamine. People with known reactions to PPD or cross-reacting allergens such as sulfonamides, para-amino benzoic acid, sulfonylureas, dapsone, azo dyes or benzocaine should be especially cautious of black henna tattoo application.

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Identification and Quantification of para -Phenylenediamine in a Temporary Black Henna Tattoo

Abstract: The presence of PPD in black henna tattoo mixtures in high concentration poses a health hazard and a risk of allergic contact sensitization with potential long-term consequences.

Cited by 123 publications

References 11 publications

Henna tattoo contact dermatitis — a report of four cases and brief review of the selected literature

Henna tattoo contact dermatitis — a report of four cases and brief review of the selected literature

Temporary Tattoos with Lasting Consequences

Temporary Henna Tattoos - New Aspects of Allergy to Para--Phenylene Diamine

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