Identification and virulence of Fusarium falciforme and Fusarium brachygibbosum as causal agents of basal rot on onion in Mexico

Pest categorisation of Fusarium brachygibbosum

“…In America, F. brachygibbosum is reported from Mexico (Rentería‐Martínez et al., 2015; González‐Delgado et al., 2017; Mariscal‐Amaro et al., 2017; Tirado‐Ramirez et al., 2021) and USA (Seidle, 2016; Stack et al., 2017; Punja et al. 2018, 2019).…”

“…crown and root rot, or tuber rot (Tan et al, 2011;Al-Sadi et al, 2012;Saleh et al, 2017;Zimudzi et al, 2017;Cao et al, 2018;Punja et al, 2018;Le et al, 2020;€ Ozer et al, 2020;Azil et al, 2021;Ezrari et al, 2021;Mohammed-Ameen et al, 2021;Qiu et al, 2021;Tirado-Ramirez et al, 2021;Wang et al, 2021); stalk rot (Shan et al, 2017); ear rot (van Coller et al, 2013;Fallahi et al, 2019); cankers (Seidle, 2016;Stack et al, 2017);wilting (Renter ıa-Mart ınez et al, 2015;Trabelsi et al, 2017;Mariscal-Amaro et al, 2017;Punja et al, 2018;Xia et al, 2018;Ali et al, 2020;Azil et al, 2021;Khamas et al, 2021;Rabaaoui et al, 2021); leaf spot or leaf wilt (Mirhosseini et al, 2014;Saleh et al, 2017;Al-Nadabi et al, 2020;Namsi et al, 2020); decline (Akg € ul and Ahio glu, 2019); dieback (Al-Mahmooli et al, 2013); and has often been isolated from symptomatic host plants together with other Fusarium species and/or other fungal genera. In those cases, symptoms caused by F. brachygibbosum have been demonstrated experimentally based on pathogenicity tests.…”

“…Besides being a common soil inhabitant (Balmas et al., 2010; Seidle, 2016; González‐Delgado et al., 2017; Mojela, 2017; Panelli et al., 2017), F. brachygibbosum is associated with symptoms of: – crown and root rot, or tuber rot (Tan et al., 2011; Al-Sadi et al., 2012; Saleh et al., 2017; Zimudzi et al., 2017; Cao et al., 2018; Punja et al., 2018; Le et al., 2020; Özer et al., 2020; Azil et al., 2021; Ezrari et al., 2021; Mohammed-Ameen et al., 2021; Qiu et al., 2021; Tirado-Ramirez et al., 2021; Wang et al., 2021); – stalk rot (Shan et al., 2017); – ear rot (van Coller et al., 2013; Fallahi et al., 2019); – cankers (Seidle, 2016; Stack et al., 2017); – wilting (Rentería-Martínez et al., 2015; Trabelsi et al., 2017; Mariscal‐Amaro et al., 2017; Punja et al., 2018; Xia et al., 2018; Ali et al., 2020; Azil et al., 2021; Khamas et al., 2021; Rabaaoui et al., 2021); – leaf spot or leaf wilt (Mirhosseini et al., 2014; Saleh et al., 2017; Al-Nadabi et al., 2020; Namsi et al., 2020); – decline (Akgül and Ahioğlu, 2019); – dieback (Al-Mahmooli et al., 2013); …”

“…Considering the fact that F. brachygibbosum is a cosmopolitan common soil‐borne filamentous fungus pathogenic on certain plant hosts, and that it is often reported in mixed infections with other fungal species, this pest categorisation focuses on those hosts for which there is robust evidence in the literature that the pathogen was isolated and identified by both morphology and molecular analyses, and Koch's postulates were fulfilled. Based on the above, the following cultivated species are considered as proven hosts of F. brachygibbosum : – Allium cepa (Tirado-Ramirez et al., 2021); – Beta vulgaris (Cao et al., 2018); – Cannabis sativa (Punja et al., 2018, 2019); – Citrullus lanatus (Rentería-Martínez et al., 2015); – Citrus spp. (Al-Sadi et al., 2014); – Glycine max (Wang et al., 2021); – Nerium oleander (Mirhosseini et al., 2014); – Nicotiana tabacum (Qiu et al., 2021) – Phoenix dactylifera (Al-Sadi et al., 2012; Saleh et al., 2017; Al-Nadabi et al., 2020; Namsi et al., 2020; Nishad and Ahmed, 2020; Rabaaoui et al., 2021); – Prunus dulcis (Seidle, 2016; Stack et al., 2017); – Solanum tuberosum (Zimudzi et al., 2017; Azil et al., 2021); – Sorghum vulgare (Padwick, 1945); – Trifolium subterraneum (Tan et al.…”

New host-pathogen associations of horticultural crops in the south-east of Spain

“…En los nuevos aislamientos de Fusarium sp., es importante llevar a cabo una identificación molecular precisa del patógeno, para poder establecer relaciones con los organismos productores de micotoxinas, lo que evitará que los productos agrícolas dejen de ser inadecuados para su consumo (Ramdial et al, 2017). De igual forma, si se quieren tomar medidas fitosanitarias acertadas, tal y como sugieren Tirado-Ramirez et al (2021) es crucial identificar y determinar la virulencia de la especie de Fusarium.…”