Identification hub genes of consensus molecular subtype correlation with immune infiltration and predict prognosis in gastric cancer

Abstract

Gastric cancer (GC) has a great fatality rate, meanwhile, there is still a lack of available biomarkers for prognosis. The goal of the research was to discover key and novel potential biomarkers for GC. We screened for the expression of significantly altered genes based on survival rates from two consensus molecular subtypes (CMS) of GC. Subsequently, functional enrichment analysis showed these genes involved in many cancers. And we picked 6 hub genes that could both secreted in the tumor microenvironment and expression enhanced in immune cells. Then, Kaplan Meier survival and expression detected in the tumor pathological stage were utilized to clarify the prognostic of these 6 hub genes. The results indicated that OGN, CHRDL2, C2orf40, THBS4, CHRDL1, and ANGPTL1, respectively, were significantly associated with poor OS in GC patients. And their expression increased with cancer advanced. Moreover, immune infiltration analysis displayed that those hub genes expression positively with M2 macrophage, CD8+ T Cell, most immune inhibitors, and majority immunostimulators. In summary, our results suggested that OGN, CHRDL2, C2orf40, THBS4, CHRDL1, and ANGPTL1 were all potential biomarkers for GC prognosis and might also be potential therapeutic targets for GC.

Identification of a novel lipid metabolism-related gene signature for predicting colorectal cancer survival

“…In head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, the molecular features of different subtypes were evaluated for potentially effective therapeutic agents ( Zhang et al, 2021 ). In gastric cancer, consensus molecular subtypes were associated with immune infiltration for prediction of survival ( Yu et al, 2021a ). In metastatic colorectal cancer, consensus molecular analysis demonstrated that the consensus molecular subtype 2 was the predominant subtype in left-sided and associated with the best outcome from the addition of bevacizumab to first-line chemotherapy ( Mooi et al, 2018 ).…”

Characterization of Immune-Based Molecular Subtypes and Prognostic Model in Prostate Adenocarcinoma

“…Identification of molecular subtypes in cancers contributes to more accurate prognostic assessment due to substantial phenotypic and molecular heterogeneity among patients, and simultaneously is an important basis for individualized therapy and precision medicine. Studies about molecular subtypes have been widely concerned with diverse cancer types, such as breast cancer [ 31 , 32 ], colon cancer [ 33 , 34 ] and gastric cancer [ 35 ], which provide potentially crucial data for diagnosis and treatment. In prostate cancer, via a comprehensive molecular analysis, seven major molecular subtypes are characterized by the Cancer Genome Atlas Research Network, TCGA-PRAD project [ 36 ], and relevant studies are also carried out to provide more data in cancer treatment [ 37 , 38 , 39 ].…”

Osteoglycin: An ECM Factor Regulating Fibrosis and Tumorigenesis

“…Recently, OGN was discovered to be upregulated in dormant breast cancer cells compared to proliferative cells, serving as a marker for breast cancer and a prognostic factor for breast cancer patients [ 94 ]. OGN was also found to be significantly associated with poor survival in patients with gastric cancer (GC), and its expression increased as the cancer progressed, according to a functional enrichment analysis [ 95 ]. According to a bioinformatic analysis, OGN plays vital roles in immune surveillance and tumor progression in papillary thyroid cancer [ 96 ].…”